Entomology Kit Climate Data Analysis Tutorial

1. Entomology Kit Climate Data Analysis Tutorial Vandalia Science Education Updated 2/22/11

2. Degree-Hour Determination Knowns • Bodies discovered at 1:00PM on June 20 • Insects collected at 3:00PM on June 20 • Weather type (sunny, partly cloudy, overcast) • Weather events (rain, thunderstorms, snow) • Daily average temperature • Male and Female had the same species and lifecycles present (Migrating 3rdInstar Species A, 2ndInstar Species B) Unknowns • Elapsed degree-hours for each day • Degree-hours for each life stage of both species • Cumulative degree-hours for each life stage of both species • Cumulative elapsed degree hours for each day • Which day the adult insect from both species laid its eggs • Earliest and latest time the insects began developing

3. Elapsed degree-hours for each day Lab Procedure 2, Step2: Determine the number of degree hours for each day using the weather service data. To do this, multiply the average temperature times 24 hours for each day. This can be performed in a spreadsheet. • The collection time was 3:00PM on June 20, this tells us to multiply the first average temperature by 15 hours instead of 24 • Every other daily average temperature in the month will be multiplied by 24

4. Elapsed degree-hours for each day

5. Degree-hours for each life stage: Species A Lab Procedure 2, Step3: Determine the number of degree hours required for each life stage of both species. To do this, multiply the number of hours by the degrees Celsius given in the table.

6. Degree-hours for each life stage: Species B Lab Procedure 2, Step3: Determine the number of degree hours required for each life stage of both species. To do this, multiply the number of hours by the degrees Celsius given in the table.

7. Cumulative degree-hours for each life stage: Species A Lab Procedure 2, Step4: By adding all the degree hours for each of the six life stages together, you calculate the cumulative degree hours required for an adult fly to develop at 21°C. Adult degree-hours = ∑ degree hours at each stage = cumulative degree hours =

8. Cumulative degree-hours for each life stage: Species B Lab Procedure 2, Step4: By adding all the degree hours for each of the six life stages together, you calculate the cumulative degree hours required for an adult fly to develop at 21°C. Adult degree-hours = ∑ degree hours at each stage = cumulative degree hours = ?????

9. Cumulative degree-hours for each day Lab Procedure 2, Step5: Calculate elapsed degree hours for each of the days in the climatological data provided. To do this, multiply the number of hours by the average temperature that day.

10. Which day the adult insect laid eggs on the body: Species A Lab Procedure 2, Step6a: Examine the species A life stages collected as evidence and identify the oldest species A life stage collection for the adult male. On Day 11, the cumulative degree-hours were _____ Species A takes ______degree-hours to complete development in the Feeding 3rd Instar and begin development in the Migration stage of the 3rd Instar. The temperature data alone suggests that the eggs were laid on the 12th, but there was a storm then, so we know that the eggs were laid before then since flies are not active during thunderstorms.

11. Which day the adult insect laid eggs on the body: Species B Lab Procedure 2, Step6a: Examine the species A life stages collected as evidence and identify the oldest species B life stage collection for the adult male. On Day 17, the cumulative degree-hours were _____. Species B takes ______ degree-hours to complete development in the 1st Instar and begin development in the 2nd Instar.

12. How Long have the bodies been expired (dead)? Post Mortem Interval = ∑ hours(day) = h(20) + h(19) + h(18) … h(10) = 207 hours = 8 days, 15 hours THUNDERSTORM The post mortem interval was calculated to be ______but we know that the storm occurred on the evening of the 11th, so we conjecture that at the flies were active at least an hour on the 11th, thus bringing our PMI to a minimum of __________. The actual PMI, which is unknown, may vary up to 12 hours more than this calculation due to weather. Students’ calculations may vary by up to a day later.