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2.  Anything that has mass and occupies space is called matter. Matter is made up of particles. These particles are so small that they cannot be seen with naked eyes. They have spaces between them and they are in state of constant motion. The particles of matter are held together by attractive forces. On the basis of differences in the physical characteristics of the particles of the matter, matter exists in three states namely solid, liquid and gaseous state.  Diffusion is the process of movement of particles from the region of their high concentration to the region of low concentration. Factors which affect the rate of diffusion are nature of substance and temperature.  The temperature at which a solid converts into its liquid state is called its melting point. The temperature at which a liquid changes to its gaseous state is called its boiling or vaporisation point. The temperature at which a liquid converts into its solid state is called its freezing point.  Sublimation is the process of conversion of a solid to its gaseous state without changing into liquid. Latent heat is the minimum amount of energy that changes the state of substance without bringing any change in the temperature.

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