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CHAPTER OVERVIEW. The Nonequivalent Control Group Design The Static Group Comparison Single-Subject Design Evaluating Single-Subject Designs. THE QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD. No control over group assignment Useful when manipulation of variables is ethically, morally, or practically difficult.
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CHAPTER OVERVIEW • The Nonequivalent Control Group Design • The Static Group Comparison • Single-Subject Design • Evaluating Single-Subject Designs
THE QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD • No control over group assignment • Useful when manipulation of variables is ethically, morally, or practically difficult
THE QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD • Quasi-experimental research is post hoc research • Internal validity is intermediate between pre-experimental and true experimental designs
THE NONEQUIVALENT CONTROL GROUP DESIGN • Commonly used when random assignment is not possible • Similar to pretest post-test control group design • Selection bias is a threat to validity
THE STATIC GROUP COMPARISON • No pretest • Disadvantages • Questionable internal validity • Questionable external validity
SINGLE SUBJECT DESIGN • Looks at cause and effect relationships in single individuals rather than in groups • Common in behavioral analysis and special education • Based on behavioral view of development
AB designs (simple single subject) measure baseline and impose treatment • ABA designs (reversal) remove treatment • ABAB (alternating treatment designs) re-impose treatment
EVALUATING SINGLE SUBJECT DESIGNS • Most have good internal validity • External validity may be questionable
