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Healthy weight – addressing the challenges of childhood and adult obesity. Dr SJ Louise Smith Deputy Director of Public Health. Introduction. What is obesity? Causes? Why does it matter? Size of the issue? So what can we do?. “Being fat” “Very overweight”
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Healthy weight – addressing thechallenges of childhood and adult obesity Dr SJ Louise Smith Deputy Director of Public Health
Introduction • What is obesity? • Causes? • Why does it matter? • Size of the issue? • So what can we do?
“Being fat” “Very overweight” “More than just a few extra pounds” “Weight 20% above normal” BMI >30 “A major problem in today’s society” “Multifaceted highly complex medical condition” “Accumulation of fat to the extent it may have adverse effects on health” What is obesity?
Causes When energy intake in the form of food and drink… …is greater than energy expenditure
Causes • Lack of exercise • Poor diet • It develops gradually: poor diet & lifestyle choices • Increased access to poor food
Causes • Too much sugar • The introduction of mass production of high-fructose corn syrup
Foresight 2007 • Complex web of societal and biological factors… • …over 100 variables that directly or indirectly influence..
Why does it matter? Compared with a non-obese man, an obese man is: • 5 x more likely to develop type 2 diabetes • 3 x more likely to develop cancer of the colon • 2 ½ x more likely to develop high blood pressure
Micro Lives • Life expectancy for 22 yr man = 79 • 20,800 days • 500,000 hours • 1 million half hours • 1 Micro Lives = 30 min • 1 day = 48 Micro Lives
Micro Lives • Bodies age faster when we do bad things to them • So micro lives can also be allocated to risk • 1 Cigarette shortens life by 15 min • 1 Micro Life • 2 Cigarettes • 2 Pints Strong Beer
1 Micro Life Healthy waist size man = 37 inches • 1 Extra inch on your waist line [every day] • 39 - 40 inch waist = 2.3years = 76.7 life expectancy
Why does it matter: Children? • Short term • emotional & psychological effects • low self-esteem; anxiety & depression • Type 2 diabetes • Once established, notoriously difficult to treat: long term: • higher risk of morbidity, disability & premature mortality in adulthood
What does it cost? • Costs direct and indirect • NHS 2.5% total spend [£1,000m] • Hertfordshire → £30 million • Lost earnings £2.5bn • Hertfordshire → £45 million • NICE reduce no obese by 1% → £51m • Hertfordshire → £1 million
Healthy weight – addressing thechallenges of childhood and adult obesity Sue Beck
Discussion • Is it worth it? – Can society turn obesity around? • What works and what doesn’t work? • What else could we do?