How Many S k i t t l e s Are In a 2.17 Ounce Bag?

2. How Many Skittles Are In a 2.17 Ounce Bag? By: Ryan Riling & Tom Dougherty

3. History • Skittles production originated in England • First introduced to United States in 1974 • Owned by Mars Inc. • Skittles factories are located in U.S, Victoria, Australia, and New Zealand • Advertising campaigns are associated with rainbows • “Taste the Rainbow”

4. Purpose -We wanted to determine whether or not Mars Inc. (producer of Skittles) was fairly filling their bags with the claimed amount. -We decided to purchase 35 standard sized bags of Skittles (2.17 ounce) and test to determine if Skittles consumers are getting their money’s worth.

5. Retail Stores -AcmeFive 2.17 oz. Bags -Genuardi’sFive 2.17 oz. Bags -GiantFive 2.17 oz. Bags -Redner’sFive 2.17 oz. Bags -CVSFive 2.17 oz. Bags -WawaFive 2.17 oz. Bags -7-11Five 2.17 oz. Bags TOTAL = 35 BAGS

6. Data

7. Graphs

8. Graphs (Cont.) Five Number Summary Minimum = 53 Quartile 3 = 63 Quartile 1 = 56 Maximum = 68 Median = 59 No Outliers!! 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 Number of Skittles

9. Stem Plot 5 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 5 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 6 0 6 2 2 2 3 3 3 6 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 8 Shape = Roughly Symmetric Center = 59 Spread = Minimum – 53 Maximum – 68

10. 1 Var Stats x = 59.4286 Σx = 2080 Σx² = 124110 Sx = 3.8293 n = 35 Minimum = 53 Quartile 1 = 56 Median = 59 Quartile 3 = 63 Maximum = 68

11. Assumptions 1). SRS 1). 2). Normal Population 2). 35 ≥ 30 OR n≥ 30

12. Hypothesis -Ho: m = 60 Skittles per 2.17 oz. Bag -Ha: m ≠ 60 Skittles per 2.17 oz. Bag

13. Tests One Sample T-Test Test Statistic: t* = x - µ Degrees Freedom: Df = n-1 = 34 = -.8828 s/√n P-Value: 2 * P(µ > -.8828) = .3835

14. Tests (Cont.) Conclusion: We fail to reject the null hypothesis because our p-value is greater than a = .05. We have sufficient evidence that the mean number of Skittles per 2.17 oz. bag is 60 Skittles.

15. Confidence Level (95%) Confidence Level = x ± t*(s/√n) = (58.113, 60.744) We are 95% Confident that the mean number of Skittles per 2.17 oz. bag is between 58.113 and 60.744 Skittles.

16. Personal Opinions -We felt as though it was very tedious to count the amount of Skittles in each of the 35 bags -It was time-consuming to travel to each of the 7 stores to obtain the required amount of samples -We agree with our T-Test results and feel as though where ever you choose to buy your Skittles from, you are getting a fair amount per bag for the price.

17. Application -Although Giant had the greatest average number of Skittles per bag, we feel as though it is unnecessary to go out of your way just to buy Skittles at Giant. -We feel as though Mars Inc. fairly manufactures and packages their Skittles bags. - 7-11 Skittles bags are packaged most fairly and have an average of 60.2 Skittles per bag.

18. Bias/Error • Incorrect Skittles count • Mistake entering data into lists • Obtaining Skittles at various storeschose the first available bags • Counting broken or deformed Skittles