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Remote sensing for Earth observation

Remote sensing for Earth observation. Dr Nigel Trodd Coventry University. What is remote sensing?. remote sensing has been described as the means of sensing or measuring things (characteristics) without coming into direct contact with the object or phenomenon. What is Earth observation?.

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Remote sensing for Earth observation

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  1. Remote sensing for Earth observation Dr Nigel Trodd Coventry University

  2. What is remote sensing? remote sensing has been described as the means of sensing or measuring things (characteristics) without coming into direct contact with the object or phenomenon

  3. What is Earth observation? observing our planet is a pre-requisite to a better understanding of its changes and the natural and anthropogenic processes that cause those changes

  4. Aim & objectives • To understand remote sensing as a source of geodata for mapping & monitoring the Earth • Examine the role of remote sensing for Earth observation • Exemplify aspects of the geodata stream

  5. What are the principles of remote sensing? • Source of electromagnetic radiation • Interaction with target • Measurement by sensor mounted on platform

  6. Multispectral reflectance

  7. EMR sources • Active remote sensing • Artificial source of EMR • Radar • Lidar • Passive remote sensing • Natural source of EMR • Sun (primary source for optical RS) • EMR emitted from Earth surface

  8. What properties can be measured?

  9. albedo

  10. Climate change due to reduced snow albedo caused by soot

  11. EOS Aqua AMSR-ESSTAdvanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer

  12. Global DEMShuttle Radar Topography Mission 2000

  13. What GI can be generated? • Extracting features e.g. buildings, roads • Land cover / land use classification • Estimation of biophysical properties e.g. biomass, ice-thaw

  14. Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

  15. QuikSCAT Seawinds scatterometerAlaska 2000

  16. What preparation is necessary? • Cosmetic infilling of saturated pixels & drop-outs • Radiometric balancing (destriping) & sensor calibration • Atmospheric correction

  17. How do you integrate images into a spatial database? • Georeferencing • Plane projection • Local datum & coordinate system • Co-registration • Rubber-sheet transformation • Nearest neighbour resampling

  18. Orthorectification • Topography • DN • pixel geometry • foreshortening

  19. Summary & conclusions Remote sensing generates • 2D & 2.5D GI products … at local to global scales using optical & microwave EMR • Images for Earth observation require • error detection & elimination • calibration & georegistration

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