Biophysics and Cell Physiology

1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم ﴿و ما أوتيتم من العلم إلا قليلا﴾ صدق الله العظيم الاسراء اية 58

2. BIOPHYSICS and Cell Physiology By Dr. Abdel Aziz M. Hussein Lecturer of Medical Physiology

3. Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

4. Physiology Department

10. Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

11. AS Biology, Cell membranes and Transport

12. http://www1.mans.edu.eg/FacMed/english/dept/physiology/default.htmhttp://www1.mans.edu.eg/FacMed/english/dept/physiology/default.htm • http://www.facebook.com/?ref=tn_tnmn#!/groups/300105086751793/

13. Human Physiology • Physiology ( /ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/) is the science of the function of living systems. • This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. • The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, awarded since 1901 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

14. Human Physiology • Human physiology is the science that is concerned with studying the normal functions of different parts or organs of human body • The study of human physiology dates back to at least 420 B.C. and the time of Hippocrates • The critical thinking of Aristotle and his emphasis on the relationship between structure and function marked the beginning of physiology in Ancient Greece, while Claudius Galenus (c. 126-199 A.D.), known as Galen, was the first to use experiments to probe the function of the body.

15. Body composition

16. Body Composition

17. Composition of Human Body • Carbohydrates have little structural functions less than 0.5% (involved mainly in nutrition of the cell) Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

20. Organization of Human Body • The human body is made up of different systems e.g. digestive system, whose functions are coordinated and integrated together. • Each system consists of many organs that made up of many tissues of complementary functions. • Each tissue consists of millions of similar cells. • The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in the body Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

21. Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

22. Cell Physiology

23. Types of Cells

26. Eukaryotic Cells • Eukaryotic cells are surrounded by a limiting barrier, the plasma membrane, which covers the cell surface • Plasma (cell) membrane allows selective communication between the intracellular and extracellular compartments and aids cellular movement

27. Extracellular fluid Intracellular fluid Cell Membrane Y Z X F

28. Animal cells movement

29. Eukaryotic Cells • Other cell organelles performs specific function e.g. • Ribosomes help in protein synthesis • Mitochondria help in production of energy • All of these functions contribute to the cell’s survival

30. AS Biology, Cell membranes and Transport

31. Body Fluids

32. Body Fluids • Body fluids are solutions of water containing; • Organic molecules (carbon-containing molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) • Inorganic molecules • Ions (atoms with a net charge) Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

33. Value of Body Fluids • About 65% of total body weight i.e. 40-42 L in an adult weighing 70 Kg Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

34. Body Fluids Compartments • Body fluids divide into 2 main compartments; Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

35. Body fluids ECF ECF ICF ICF Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

36. Extracellular Fluid ECF is known as the internal environment that supplies the cells with nutrients and other substances Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

37. Extracellular Fluids Plasma interstitial fluid Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

38. Composition of Body Fluids • The body fluids are composed of; • Water as a solvent • Solutes e.g. organic e.g. proteins and inorganic substances e.g. Na+ , K+, and Cl- • The concentrations of solutes are frequently expressed in moles, equivalents, or osmoles per unit volume (L) Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

39. Composition of Body Fluids Mole is the gram MW of a substance dissolved in 1 liter of water Osmole is the gram MW of a substance dissolved in 1 liter of waterdivided by the number of freely moving particles that each molecule liberates in solution Forglucose, the number of particles is 1 For NaCl, the number of particles is 2 Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

40. Mole Glucose 180 gm /L or mole/L

42. Osmole One osmole glucose solution= 180 gm/ 1 = 180 gm One osmole NaCL solution= 23 gm + 35.5 gm = 58.5 gm /2 = 29.25 gm NaCl Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

43. Composition of Body Fluids • The charged particles or ions are 2 types; • Positive charged particles or Cations e.g. Na and K • Negative charged particles or Anions e.g. e.g. proteins and Cl- • ECF contains large amounts of Na, chloride, HCO3, and Ca ions • ICF contains large amounts of potassium, magnesium, phosphate, and proteins • These differences are extremely important to the life of the cell Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

44. Composition of Body Fluids Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

47. Biophysics , Abdelaziz Hussein

50. THANKS