Which of these particles has an electrical charge?

1. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which of these particles has an electrical charge? A. Proton. • Electron. • Ion. D. All of the above.

2. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which of these particles has an electrical charge? A. Proton. • Electron. • Ion. • All of the above. Explanation: An ion, by definition, is a charged atom—one with an extra electron(s) or deficient in one or more electrons.

3. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which is the predominant carrier of charge in copper wire? A. Proton. • Electron. • Ion. D. All of the above.

4. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which is the predominant carrier of charge in copper wire? A. Proton. • Electron. • Ion. • All of the above.

5. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 If a neutral atom has 22 protons in its nucleus, the number of surrounding electrons is A. less than 22. • 22. • more than 22. D. sometimes all of the above in a neutral atom.

6. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 If a neutral atom has 22 protons in its nucleus, the number of surrounding electrons is A. less than 22. • 22. • more than 22. • sometimes all of the above in a neutral atom.

7. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When we say charge is conserved, we mean that charge can A. be saved, like money in a bank. • only be transferred from one place to another. • take equivalent forms. D. be created or destroyed, as in nuclear reactions.

8. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When we say charge is conserved, we mean that charge can A. be saved, like money in a bank. • only be transferred from one place to another. • take equivalent forms. • be created or destroyed, as in nuclear reactions. Explanation: Electric charge cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred.

9. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 According to Coulomb’s law, a pair of particles that are placed twice as close to each other will experience forces that are A. twice as strong. • four times as strong. • half as strong. • one-quarter as strong.

10. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 According to Coulomb’s law, a pair of particles that are placed twice as close to each other will experience forces that are A. twice as strong. • four times as strong. • half as strong. • one-quarter as strong. Explanation: Coulomb’s law is an inverse-square law.

11. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 According to Coulomb’s law, doubling both charges of a pair of particles will result in a force between them that is A. twice as strong. • four times as strong. • half as strong. D. one-quarter as strong.

12. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 According to Coulomb’s law, doubling both charges of a pair of particles will result in a force between them that is A. twice as strong. • four times as strong. • half as strong. • one-quarter as strong.

13. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When a negatively charged balloon is placed against a nonconducting wall, negative charges in the wall are A. attracted to the balloon. • repelled from the balloon. • too bound to positive charges in the wall to have any effect. D. neutralized.

14. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When a negatively charged balloon is placed against a nonconducting wall, negative charges in the wall are A. attracted to the balloon. • repelled from the balloon. • too bound to positive charges in the wall to have any effect. • neutralized. Explanation: The negative balloon repels negative charge in the wall and attracts positive charge. Charges of atoms and molecules are therefore nudged apart. This condition of charge separation is called polarization.

15. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 The strength of an electric field is measured by the force A. exerted on a charge in the field. • between electric field lines. • between oppositely charged parallel plates. D. all of the above.

16. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 The strength of an electric field is measured by the force A. exerted on a charge in the field. • between electric field lines. • between oppositely charged parallel plates. • all of the above.

17. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 The direction of an electric field, by convention, is the direction of force that the field would exert on A. an electron. • a proton. • an atom. D. all of the above.

18. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 The direction of an electric field, by convention, is the direction of force that the field would exert on A. an electron. • a proton. • an atom. • all of the above.

19. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When you do work on an electrically charged particle, you change the particle’s A. charge. • potential energy. • capacitance. D. power.

20. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When you do work on an electrically charged particle, you change the particle’s A. charge. • potential energy. • capacitance. • power. Comment: Recall the work–energy theorem in Chapter 3.

21. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When you increase the potential energy of a charged particle, you increase its ability to A. do work. • charge other particles. • conduct. D. transform to heat.

22. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When you increase the potential energy of a charged particle, you increase its ability to A. do work. • charge other particles. • conduct. • transform to heat. Comment: Recall from Chapter 3 that the potential energy acquired by something equals the work done on it.

23. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Electric potential, measured in volts, is a ratio of A. charge to the square of the separation distance. • current to resistance. • energy to charge. D. power to current.

24. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Electric potential, measured in volts, is a ratio of A. charge to the square of the separation distance. • current to resistance. • energy to charge. • power to current.

25. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A party balloon may be charged to thousands of volts. The charged balloon isn’t dangerous because it carries relatively little A. current. • energy. • capacitance. • resistance.

26. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A party balloon may be charged to thousands of volts. The charged balloon isn’t dangerous because it carries relatively little A. current. • energy. • capacitance. • resistance.

27. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A coulomb of charge that passes through a 12-volt battery is given A. 12 joules. • 12 amperes. • 12 ohms. D. 12 watts.

28. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A coulomb of charge that passes through a 12-volt battery is given A. 12 joules. • 12 amperes. • 12 ohms. • 12 watts. Explanation: Voltage = energy/charge; (12 V)/(1 C) = 12 J/C.

29. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which statement is correct? A. Voltage flows in a circuit. • Charge flows in a circuit. • Current causes voltage. D. All the above are correct.

30. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Which statement is correct? A. Voltage flows in a circuit. • Charge flows in a circuit. • Current causes voltage. • All of the above are correct. Explanation: Voltage is established across a circuit, not through it. Also, voltage causes current, and not the other way around.

31. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 10-ohm resistor carries 10 amperes. The voltage across the resistor is A. zero. • more than zero but less than 10 V. • 10 V. D. more than 10 V.

32. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 10-ohm resistor carries 10 amperes. The voltage across the resistor is A. zero. • more than zero but less than 10 V. • 10 V. • more than 10 V. Explanation: The voltage, in accord with Ohm’s law, is 100 V, much greater than 10 V.

33. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 10-ohm resistor is connected to a 120-volt power supply. The current in the resistor is A. 1 A. • 10 A. • 12 A. D. 120 A.

34. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 10-ohm resistor is connected to a 120-volt power supply. The current in the resistor is A. 1 A. • 10 A. • 12 A. • 120 A. Explanation: By Ohm’s law, current = voltage/resistance = 120 V/10 ohm = 12 A.

35. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A major difference between DC and AC in circuits is the A. voltage associated with each. • timing associated with each. • way charges flow. D. way circuits are wired.

36. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A major difference between DC and AC in circuits is the A. voltage associated with each. • timing associated with each. • way charges flow. • way circuits are wired. Explanation: In a DC circuit, charge flows in one direction; in AC, charge flows to and fro, alternating direction.

37. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 120-volt line carries 20 amperes. The power expended is A. 6 watts. • 20 watts. • 120 watts. D. 2400 watts.

38. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 A 120-volt line carries 20 amperes. The power expended is A. 6 watts. • 20 watts. • 120 watts. • 2400 watts. Explanation: Power = voltage  current.

39. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 How much current is in a 120-volt line at 1200 watts? A. 6 amperes. • 10 amperes. • 120 amperes. D. 240 amperes.

40. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 How much current is in a 120-volt line at 1200 watts? A. 6 amperes. • 10 amperes. • 120 amperes. • 240 amperes. Explanation: From Power = voltage  current, current = power/voltage = 1200 W/120 V = 10 A.

41. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 What is the power rating of a lamp connected to a 12-V source when it carries 1.5 A? A. 8 W. • 12 W. • 18 W. D. None of the above.

42. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 What is the power rating of a lamp connected to a 12-V source when it carries 1.5 A? A. 8 W. • 12 W. • 18 W. • None of the above. Explanation: Power = voltage  current = 12 V  1.5 A = 18 W.

43. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Iron paper clips are strongly attracted to A. the north pole of a magnet. • the south pole of a magnet. • either the north or south pole of a magnet. D. none of the above.

44. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Iron paper clips are strongly attracted to A. the north pole of a magnet. • the south pole of a magnet. • either the north or south pole of a magnet. • none of the above. Explanation: Magnetic domains in the clips are induced into alignment in much the same way that electric charges are induced when polarized.

45. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Moving electric charged particles can interact with A. an electric field. • a magnetic field. • both of the above. D. neither of the above.

46. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Moving electric charged particles can interact with A. an electric field. • a magnetic field. • both of the above. • neither of the above.

47. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When a magnetized compass is placed in a magnetic field, it aligns with the field because of A. attracting forces between the compass and the field. • torques on the magnet. • magnetic domains in the compass needle. D. all of the above.

48. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 When a magnetized compass is placed in a magnetic field, it aligns with the field because of A. attracting forces between the compass and the field. • torques on the magnet. • magnetic domains in the compass needle. • all of the above.

49. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Surrounding moving electric charges are A. electric fields. • magnetic fields. • both of the above. D. neither of the above.

50. Conceptual Integrated Science—Chapter 7 Surrounding moving electric charges are A. electric fields. • magnetic fields. • both of the above. • neither of the above.