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This article provides an introduction to stocks, including what stocks are, how they are traded, factors that affect stock prices, and the basics of investing in stocks. Discover how to buy low and sell high to maximize your profits.
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Introduction to Stocks Basics of Investing I K. Robinson
What is a stock? • Common stock • Gives you a “share” of ownership of a publicly traded company • Stock ownership • Voting rights • Claim to assets (behind debt holders) and earnings
What is a stock? • Ticker symbols • Set of letters that represent a security traded on an exchange • Ex. MSFT, GS, AAPL, MA, BUD, LUV • Stock quotes • List of prices for a stock at a particular point during the trading day • Stock tickers • What do those green and red numbers mean?
Stocks vs. Bonds • Stocks are equity • Generally considered riskier • Quite possible to lose a significant portion, if not all, of your money • Potential for high returns • Bonds are debt • Lower and usually fixed return • Higher claim than stockholders • What does this mean?
What Can Cause Stock Prices to Change? EASY! Supply and Demand!But…what affects supply / demand of a stock?
What Can Cause Stock Prices to Change? • Earnings & growth expectations • Positive / negative news • Economy sentiment • Investor sentiments & attitudes
How Stocks Are Traded • Major exchanges • Lists stocks (and other securities), sets policies for how stocks are traded • New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) • American Stock Exchange (AMEX) • National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation • Only “publicly traded companies” are listed
Markets Indices • S&P 500 • 500 stocks chosen by Standard & Poor to represent US stock market • NASDAQ Composite--With approximately 3,700 companies and corporations, it has more trading volume than any other stock exchange in the world, many of which are technology and electronics • Dow Jones Industrial Average • 30 most significant stocks traded
Stocks Markets & Animals • Bull Market • When everything in the market is going great and stocks are generally heading upwards • Bear Market • When everything is NOT GOOD and stocks are generally headed downward • NOTE: Nothing lasts forever! Good times and bad times will end at some point http://www.investopedia.com/university/stocks/stocks7.asp
Brokerages • Need a medium to trade through – this is where brokerages come in • Criteria • Full service vs. discount • Fees (commission) • Services / tools • Minimum balance
Opening an Account • Not a hard process- most of it just some paperwork and mail • Sign-up online and download forms • Mail checks, forms, and copy of ID • Accounts created within a couple of days • What you will need: a computer, starting capital, and investing know-how
Principle of trading stock • Buy your stocks when the prices are low. • Sell your stocks when the prices are high.