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A Simple Unified Control Plane for Packet and Circuit Networks

A Simple Unified Control Plane for Packet and Circuit Networks. Saurav Das, Guru Parulkar , Nick McKeown Stanford University. Motivation. RESEARCH. PRODUCTION. Many great ideas. none transferred to Production networks. NEEDED: Realistic ways to try out ideas at scale. New Ideas.

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A Simple Unified Control Plane for Packet and Circuit Networks

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  1. A Simple Unified ControlPlane for Packet and Circuit Networks Saurav Das, Guru Parulkar, Nick McKeown Stanford University

  2. Motivation RESEARCH PRODUCTION Many great ideas none transferred to Production networks NEEDED: Realistic ways to try out ideas at scale

  3. New Ideas • Mobility Management • Network Security • Energy Management • Alternatives to BGP, new routing • Network Measurement • Things we haven’t thought of…

  4. Motivation • Exceedingly high barrier to change Deployment Idea Standardize Wait 10 years • Massive installed base of equipment & protocols – requires backward compatibility • Rigid nature of platform – closed system, vendor proprietary OS • Fear of network instability - discourages network operators from innovation - conservatively managed • Power to control network no longer in SP’s hand

  5. Hardware Datapath Software Control 20Million linesof source code 500M gates 10Gbytes RAM Motivation • We lost our way Router 5389 RFCs Barrier to entry Bloated Power Hungry ( 15 kW/shelf )

  6. Hardware Datapath Software Control Motivation • We lost our way iBGP, eBGP IPSec Router Authentication, Security, Access Control Multi layer multi region Firewall L3 VPN anycast IPV6 NAT multicast Mobile IP HELLO OSPF-TE HELLO L2 VPN RSVP-TE VLAN MPLS HELLO Many complex functions baked into the infrastructure More coming ……

  7. Hardware Datapath Software Control Motivation • We lost our way Transport NE PWE3 L1VPN, L2VPN PCE CORBA LMP ASON PBB-TE GMPLS TL-1 Carrier Ethernet MPLS-TP OSPF-TE HELLO HELLO HELLO ENNI intra RSVP-TE ENNI inter UNI Lots of baggage from L3 More extensions coming ……

  8. A Clean Slate Approach Goal: Put an Open platform in hands of researchers/students to test new ideas at scale Approach: Define OpenFlow feature Work with vendors to add OpenFlow to their switches Deploy on college campus networks Create experimental open-source software - researchers can build on each other’s work

  9. Open Source Networking What will networks look like in 10 years from now?

  10. De-coupling Control & Data Planes Control Routing Signaling Data

  11. De-coupling Control & Data Planes Controller Control Signaling Data

  12. De-coupling Control & Data Planes Decoupled Automated Control Controller Open Interface Into Hardware OpenFlow Protocol Simple, Robust, Reliable Data Path Control Signaling Data

  13. Rule (exact & wildcard) Flow 1. Rule (exact & wildcard) Rule (exact & wildcard) Rule (exact & wildcard) Default Action Statistics Statistics Statistics Statistics Action Action Action Flow 2. Flow 3. Flow N. The Flow Abstraction Exploit the flow table in switches, routers, and chipsets e.g. Port, VLAN ID, L2, L3, L4, … e.g. unicast, mcast, map-to-queue, drop Count packets & bytes Expiration time/count

  14. OpenFlow Switching Controller OpenFlow Switch http://openflowswitch.org OpenFlow Protocol SSL Secure Channel sw • Add/delete flow entry • Encapsulated packets • Controller discovery Flow Table hw A Flow is any combination of above fields described in the Rule

  15. Switch Port Switch Port Switch Port MAC src MAC src MAC src MAC dst MAC dst MAC dst Eth type Eth type Eth type VLAN ID VLAN ID VLAN ID IP Src IP Src IP Src IP Dst IP Dst IP Dst IP Prot IP Prot IP Prot TCP sport TCP sport TCP sport TCP dport TCP dport TCP dport Action Action Action OpenFlow is Backward Compatible Ethernet Switching 00:1f:.. * * * * * * * * * port6 IP Routing * * * * * 5.6.7.8 * * * port6 * Application Firewall * * * * * * * * * 22 drop

  16. Switch Port Switch Port Switch Port MAC src MAC src MAC src MAC dst MAC dst MAC dst Eth type Eth type Eth type VLAN ID VLAN ID VLAN ID IP Src IP Src IP Src IP Dst IP Dst IP Dst IP Prot IP Prot IP Prot TCP sport TCP sport TCP sport TCP dport TCP dport TCP dport Action Action Action OpenFlow allows layers to be combined Flow Switching port3 00:2e.. 0800 vlan1 1.2.3.4 5.6.7.8 4 17264 80 port6 00:1f.. VLAN + App port6, port7 * * * * vlan1 * * * * 80 Port + Ethernet + IP port3 00:2e.. 0800 5.6.7.8 4 port 10 * * * * *

  17. Flow Example Statistics Statistics Statistics Action Action Action Rule Rule Rule OpenFlow Protocol Routing Controller A Flow is the fundamental unit of manipulation within a switch

  18. OpenFlow Status Commercial hardware Juniper, HP, Cisco, NEC, (Broadcom) Deployedin 3 buildings at Stanford Deployed in Internet2 Plans for deployment in 7 other campuses, Other RENS – NLR, JGNII, Federica

  19. Can we create a way for networking researchers to test their ideas at scale… ..in networks that include both packet and circuit switches

  20. Switch Port MAC src MAC dst Eth type VLAN ID IP Src IP Dst IP Prot TCP sport TCP dport In Port Out Port Out Lambda In Lambda Starting Time-Slot Starting Time-Slot Action OpenFlow & Circuit Switches Packet Flows Exploit the cross-connect table in circuit switches CircuitFlows VCG 20 VCG 20 Signal Type Signal Type Once we have a Flow abstraction, … does it really matter what the underlying switching technology is … packet or circuit?

  21. R R S S A A Mapping Packet Flows to Circuit Flows P1 P1 VC4 VC4 IP 10.12.3.4 +VLAN2, P1 VLAN2 VCG 3 VCG7 VCG3 1 4 P3 P2 VC4 VC4 10 7 VLAN 1025 +VLAN7, P1 VLAN7 VCG7 OpenFlow (software) OpenFlow (software) IN OUT Packet Switch Fabric Packet Switch Fabric TDM Circuit Switch Fabric GE ports TDM ports

  22. Simple Unified Control Plane Flow Network

  23. Simple Unified Control Plane Packet and Circuit Flows Commonly Controlled & Managed Simple, Robust, Reliable network of Flow Switches Simple, Unified, Automated Control Plane Flow Network … that switch at different granularities: packet, time-slot, lambda & fiber

  24. OpenFlow enables innovation Network Recovery Congestion Control Routing Traffic Engineering • Service Provider not handcuffed to the limitations of the platform • Returns control to the stakeholders • of the network • Open-source networking QoS Power Mgmt Security Discovery OpenFlow Protocol

  25. Example of what we could try.. Congestion Control

  26. Example of what we could try.. Traffic Engineering

  27. Example of what we could try.. Traffic Engineering

  28. Example of others may try.. • All Optical Network control • New ways to plan and dimension networks • Network recovery • Network discovery • Power management • Things we haven’t thought of…

  29. Summary • OpenFlow allows research community to try new ideas at scale • in networks with packet and circuit switches • leading to transfer of technology from research to industry – a transfer that barely exists today • Suggests how networks might be architected in the future • allow new ideas to be tested in one slice • before being deployed in the production slice http://openflowswitch.org • We are in the process of convincing circuit switch vendors to add the OpenFlow interface

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