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Maison Carree: A Roman Temple with Greek and Italian Influences

Discover the Maison Carree, a square temple in Nimes, France, built by Agrippa in 18-16BC. Learn about its original function as a temple dedicated to Augustus's grandsons and its architectural heritage with Greek and Italian influences.

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Maison Carree: A Roman Temple with Greek and Italian Influences

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  1. (1) By What name is this building popularly known, and what does it mean? [ACH] Maison Carree, square/rectangular house

  2. (2) Who had it built, and when? [ACH] Agrippa, 18-16BC

  3. (3) Where is this building found? [ACH] Nimes in southern France/Gaul

  4. (4) What was its original function, and to whom was it dedicated? [ACH] A temple dedicated to Augustus’s grandsons (and hopeful heirs), Gaius and Lucius Caesar

  5. (5) Describe the exterior building and the architectural heritage to which it belongs [MER] A stone hexastyle, pseudo-peripteral temple with Greek and Italian influences. A cella (room) with a deep portico (porch) on a high podium with frontal only entry. Hexastyle front and porch (6 columns across), Columns around the cella are engaged (“peripteral”), Decoration: Corinthian columns, Acanthus frieze recalls the Ara Pacis Augustae, Greek-Italian tradition

  6. (7) Detail the Italian influences and the Greek influences found in this building [MER] Greek (Hellenic) influences: external peristyle appearance (surrounded by collumns), decorated frieze, use of stone, Italic (Latin) infuence: high podium, front access steps only, deep porch, cella extends to back of podium, looks good from front only. Need 4 pts with their origin italic or Hellenic. Mention of pseudo-peripteral nature of the building – i.e. back 1/2 is engaged columns.

  7. (8) Compare the Maison Carree to the Aa Pacis, and identify similarities with respect to i) decoration, ii) columns and iii) Political function [EXC] MAISON CARREE: Decoration has an elaborate acanthus scroll design (on the entablature) Columns surrounded by columns with Corinthian capitals (acanthus leaf decoration) Political function honours Augustus / Augustus’ adopted sons OR it serves as political propaganda for Augustus ARA PACIS Decoration has an elaborate acanthus scroll design (on the lower exterior wall) Columns has Corinthian capitals (on the pilasters on the 4 corners and on either side of the entrance and exit) Political function honours Augustus after his success in Gaul and Spain OR it serves as political propaganda for Augustus

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