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Introduction to Atoms & Bonding

Introduction to Atoms & Bonding. Atoms. The smallest particle unique to given element; it has one or more subatomic particles Subatomic Particles Charge Mass Location Protons Positive 1 nucleus Neutrons neutral 1 nucleus Electrons negative 0 orbiting. Subatomic Particles.

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Introduction to Atoms & Bonding

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  1. Introduction to Atoms & Bonding

  2. Atoms • The smallest particle unique to given element; it has one or more subatomic particles • Subatomic Particles Charge Mass Location Protons Positive 1 nucleus Neutrons neutral 1 nucleus Electrons negative 0 orbiting

  3. Subatomic Particles • Protons = the Atomic Number • Neutrons = the Atomic Mass (rounded) minus the Atomic Number • Electrons = the same as the number of Protons (unless otherwise told)

  4. Bohr Diagrams • Represent the Nucleus Write the number of protons and neutrons • Represent the Electron Orbits First Orbit = holds up to 2 electrons Second Orbit = holds up to 8 electrons Third Orbit = holds up to 8 electrons Fourth Orbit = at least 8 electrons

  5. Lewis Dot Diagrams • Write the Atomic Symbol • Represent only the Outer Electrons with Dots around the Atomic Symbol

  6. Bonding • Atoms bond in order to become stable 1) Electrically equal number of protons and electrons 2) Structurally full outer orbit of electrons

  7. Ionic Bonding • Type of chemical bond in which atoms transfer electrons (one gains and one loses). During the transfer each atom become an ion (a charged atom).

  8. Covalent Bonding • Type of chemical bond in which atoms share electrons.

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