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Flooding and drought Revision –

Flooding and drought Revision – . see s-cool.co.uk A Level G eography. Also – BBC Bitesize , and search for drought. Causes of floods. 6 causes – g lobal warming deforestation tsunamis monsoon ice melt h igh drainage density tides urbanisation

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Flooding and drought Revision –

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  1. Flooding and droughtRevision – see s-cool.co.uk A Level Geography Also – BBC Bitesize, and search for drought

  2. Causes of floods 6 causes – • global warming • deforestation • tsunamis • monsoon • ice melt • high drainage density • tides • urbanisation Deforestation in detail – infiltration, transpiration, stem flow, runoff, soil enters river. Flood hydrograph – what it shows, how it works

  3. Effects of floods Primary effects • Physical damage – Can damage any type of structure, including bridges, cars, buildings, sewerage systems, roadways, and canals. Secondary effects • Water supplies – Contamination of water. Clean drinking water becomes scarce. • Diseases – Unhygienic conditions. Spread of water-borne diseases. • Crops and food supplies – Shortage of food crops can be caused due to loss of entire harvest.[4] However, lowlands near rivers depend upon river silt deposited by floods in order to add nutrients to the local soil. • Trees – Non-tolerant species can die from suffocation.[5] • Transport - Transport links destroyed, so hard to get emergency aid to those who need it. Tertiary/long-term effects • Economic – Economic hardship, due to: temporary decline in tourism, rebuilding costs, food shortage leading to price increase, etc.

  4. Solutions to flooding – small and large scale • the creation of embankments (artificial levees) along the river to increase channel capacity and restrict flood waters - however since 1957, 7,500km of flood embankments have been constructed and yet many were breached in the 1998 floods; • constructing flood protection shelters (large buildings raised above the ground) to shelter both people and animals • emergency flood warning systems and plans made for organising rescue and relief services; • providing emergency medical stores in villages • building flood proof storage sheds for grain and other food supplies • dam construction upstream and major embankments around Dhaka have been suggested however lack of money has meant that these suggestions have not been taken further.

  5. Case study: Bangladesh (see Geobytes)

  6. Case study: Your country Causes Effects Solutions

  7. Causes of drought 3 causes

  8. Effects of drought 3 effects

  9. Solutions to drought 3 solutions

  10. 3 case studies Place, date, causes and effects Possible – Dustbowl, Philippines, Horn of Africa

  11. Images http://www.pupilvision.com/yeareleven/hydrograph.htm http://geobytesgcse.blogspot.com/2006/12/flooding-in-ledc-1998-floods-in.html

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