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LDAP

LDAP. Jianwen Luo School of CTI, Depaul Univ. Oct.23, 1998. What is LDAP ?. LDAP is the abbreviate of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. It is a standard protocol used by applications to access information in a directory. Vs. DAP, which is the underlining protocol of X.500.

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LDAP

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  1. LDAP Jianwen Luo School of CTI, Depaul Univ. Oct.23, 1998

  2. What is LDAP ? • LDAP is the abbreviate of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. • It is a standard protocol used by applications to access information in a directory. • Vs. DAP, which is the underlining protocol of X.500

  3. What does directory mean here? • The directory here means a type of database that has been optimized for searching and retrieving structure data. • Most commonly, the directory are used to store information about user profile. Like user name, permission.

  4. Why LDAP is necessary ? • Traditionally, every department has its own user database. • User has more account today, email, web, Unix, NT,... • How to synchronize the user info. when his work is related to more than one department? • When Intranet/Extranet used, how to efficiently control the user access?

  5. Why LDAP is necessary -2 ? • How to identify the source over network. • Vs, DNS, too simple, only includes host information. • NDS, not based natively on TCP/IP, vendor supplied. • X.500 too complicated, require OSI stack.

  6. History of LDAP?. • X.500, complex, using OSI • LDAP version 1, RFC 1487,1993 • client interact with a LDAP service which interacts with one or more X.500 server • LDAP version 2, RFC 1777, 1995 • LDAP servers could run independently of X.500. • LDAP version 3, RFC 2251, 1997 • Communication between master servers. • Referral capacity

  7. Protocol Model of LDAP 3. • Client/Server structure. • Objective: minimize the complexity of clients.

  8. Data Model of LDAP 3 -2 • DIT tree (Directory Information Tree) • Entry: Tree is made of entries. • DN (Distinguished Name): a set of attribute=value group which uniquely identify an object • RDN(Relative distinguished name) • Naming Context

  9. Data Model of LDAP 3 -2. • DIT tree

  10. Attributes of Entries. • Entries consist of a set of attributes. • An attribute is a type with one or more associated value. • An attribute type is identified by a short description name and object identifier. • Object identifier decides what kind of value you can have.

  11. Elements of Protocol • LDAP protocol is described using ASN.1. (Abstract Syntax Notation) • All protocol operations are encapsulated in a common envelope, the LDAPMessage.

  12. LDAP message envelop. • LDAPMessage ::= SEQUENCE { • messageID MessageID, • protocolOp CHOICE { • bindRequest BindRequest, • bindResponse BindResponse, • unbindRequest UnbindRequest, • searchRequest SearchRequest, • searchResEntry SearchResultEntry, • searchResDone SearchResultDone, • searchResRef SearchResultReference, • modifyRequest ModifyRequest, • modifyResponse ModifyResponse, • addRequest AddRequest, • addResponse AddResponse, • delRequest DelRequest, • delResponse DelResponse, • modDNRequest ModifyDNRequest, • modDNResponse ModifyDNResponse, • compareRequest CompareRequest, • compareResponse CompareResponse, • abandonRequest AbandonRequest, • extendedReq ExtendedRequest, • extendedResp ExtendedResponse }, • controls [0] Controls OPTIONAL } • MessageID ::= INTEGER (0 .. maxInt) • maxInt INTEGER ::= 2147483647 -- (2^^31 - 1) --

  13. Message ID • For the outstanding Message, message ID is unique. Result Message: LDAPResult ::= SEQUENCE { resultCode Enumerated {…}; matchedDN LDAPDN, errorMessage LDAPString, referral Referral OPTIONAL }

  14. Applications(actions) • Search • Add • Delete • Modify • Compare • Bind: allow authentication information to be exchanged between client and server • unbind:

  15. Authentication and security • Authentication Choice ::simple ( clear text password) • SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer, RFC 2222) • allows for integrity and privacy services to be negotiated.

  16. Where do you go tomorrow? • LDAP over SSL, Netscape extension. • Replication supporting, Netscape extension • More complex. • From Lightweight to middleweight

  17. Authentication and security • Authentication Choice ::simple ( clear text password) • SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer, RFC 2222) • allows for integrity and privacy services to be negotiated.

  18. Netscape Directory Server 3.1 configuration-1

  19. Advanced configuration of Directory server.

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