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Project Clio PD

Project Clio PD. Session 5: Continuity and Change over Time January 18 th , 2012.

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Project Clio PD

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  1. Project Clio PD Session 5: Continuity and Change over Time January 18th, 2012

  2. “I believe people created the memory of “Custer’s Last Stand” because they did not want to believe in an Indian victory. They wanted Custer to be depicted as a hero and not a loser.” –Student reflection on the memory of the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Lesh p.115

  3. Our Goals: • “It is essential for students to gain a historical sense, and to ask questions and draw conclusions about change and continuity over time.” • “If they leave our classes with the notion that people in the past were less intelligent than we are or that the past is just a stage play in which current people debate ideas in period clothing, then we have not assisted them in understanding the past as both a foreign country and one that has direct connections to their present-day lives.”

  4. Teaching continuity and change (Book example) • I pledge allegiance: demonstrate change and continuity by analyzing the three iterations of the Pledge of Allegiance • Introduce lesson on the Battle of Little Bighorn

  5. What are we doing today? • Continuity and Change is the Theme • Justifications for military intervention used by American Presidents • Spanish American War • 11 presidential statements calling for military intervention • Justifications • Continuity and change over time

  6. Step 1 • Instructions: Read each of the primary documents in your packet and do the following: • Identify which president gave the speech and which conflict was being addressed. • On the chart provided, identify words/phrases that the president used to justify the military action. • Identify which Just War Principle(s) apply to each presidential address. • Answer the following questions: • What themes predominate in the justification of the conflicts? • Did the justifications change over time? If so, how? • Were the justifications accurate? In other words, based on what you have learned about the military action described, were there other factors involved in the decision to use military action? If so please explain.

  7. Just War Principles • 1. Just cause/right intention: A just war must be fought only for purposes of self-defense against armed attack or to right a serious wrong. • 2. Proper authority: A war is just only if waged by a legitimate authority. • 3. Last resort: A just war must be the last resort; all peaceful options must be exhausted before the use of force can be justified. • 4. Probability of success: There must be a reasonable chance of success; deaths and injury that result from a hopeless cause cannot be morally justified. • 5. Beneficial outcome: The outcome of the war must be better than the situation that would exist had the war not taken place. • 6. Proportionality: The violence and destruction must be proportional to the injury suffered.

  8. Share out • Share some examples of continuity in the presidential statements • Share some examples of change in the presidential statements • What accounts for the continuity? • What accounts for the change?

  9. Taking a closer look: The Spanish-American War

  10. Spanish-American War http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IU5l4yQCpMM

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