1 / 15

Forces of Fragmentation and Cohesion: Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces

Forces of Fragmentation and Cohesion: Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces. Centripetal Forces. Promoting State Cohesion Nationalism Unifying Institutions Organization and Administration Transportation and Communication Supranationalism. Centrifugal Forces. Challenges to State Authority

tad-glenn
Download Presentation

Forces of Fragmentation and Cohesion: Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Forces of Fragmentation and Cohesion: Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces

  2. Centripetal Forces • Promoting State Cohesion • Nationalism • Unifying Institutions • Organization and Administration • Transportation and Communication • Supranationalism

  3. Centrifugal Forces • Challenges to State Authority • Less Nationalism • Devolution, Regionalism • Peripheral Location • Social and Economic Inequality

  4. Devolution – Movement of power from the central government to regional governments within the state. What causes devolutionary movements? Ex. Ethnocultural forces Economic forces Spatial forces

  5. Ethnocultural Devolutionary Movements Eastern Europe devolutionary forces since the fall of communism Ex. Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia

  6. Economic Devolutionary Movements Catalonia, Spain Barcelona, located in Catalonia, is the center of banking and commerce in Spain and the region is much wealthier than the rest of Spain. It produces 25% of Spanish exports and 40% of its industrial exports.

  7. Spatial Devolutionary Movements Honolulu, Hawai’i A history apart from the United States, and a desire to live apart in order to keep traditions alive.

  8. Supranational Organizations A separate entity composed of three or more states that forge an association and form an administrative structure for mutual benefit in pursuit of shared goals. * How many supranational organizations exist in the world today? At least 60

  9. United Nations • Background: League of Nations – 1919, idea of Woodrow Wilson but, due to isolationist Americans, U.S. never joined. League collapsed prior to WWII (Italian invasion of Ethiopia). Prior to WWII, states created the Permanent Court of International Justice. After WWII, states formed the United Nations… • Basics of the UN: • Cooperate with internationally approved standards • 193 members • Aid: refugees, poverty, troops in peacekeeping operations, human rights

  10. Global Scale – The United Nations

  11. Regional Scale - Europe • Benelux, 1944: Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg • Marshall Plan, 1948-’52: US aid to Western European Countries • Organization of European Economic Cooperation, 1952 (OEEC) to European Economic Community (EEC) to European Community (EC) to European Union, 1992 (EU)

  12. Regional Scale - Europe • European Union: domestic, military, and certain sovereign policies that govern all members • 12 European Community (EC) members established the EU – 1992 • Euro introduced in 2002 • Problems facing the EU? • Bailouts to member countries • To include Turkey or not? Original Members: Germany, France, UK, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg, Denmark and Ireland

  13. Regional Scale – The European Union(27 Current Members)

  14. Supranationalism Elsewhere… • NAFTA, ACS, APEC, CIS… • Treaties to reduce tariffs and facilitate trade • None like the European Union

More Related