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Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure & Function. http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html. Definition of Cell. A cell is the smallest unit of structure in all living things. Cell Theory. All living things are made of cells . All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

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Cell Structure & Function

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  1. Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

  2. Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit of structure in all living things.

  3. Cell Theory • All living things are made of cells. • All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

  4. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

  5. Cell Organization CellTissue Organ (heart)

  6. Cell Organization (continued) • Organ system  Organism (circulatory system) (Human)

  7. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

  8. Prokaryotic Cells • No membrane-bound organelles/structures • Do not have a true nucleus • One-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

  9. Eukaryotic Cells • Contain organelles surrounded by membranes • Has a nucleus • Most living organisms Plant Animal http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

  10. Cell Parts AKA Organelles

  11. Inside the Cell

  12. Nucleus • Directs cell activities • Contains genetic material – Chromosomes/DNA

  13. Nucleolus • Inside nucleus • Contains RNA to build proteins http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  14. Cytoplasm • Gel-like mixture in the cell

  15. Mitochondria • Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbs • “Powerhouse” of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  16. Surrounding the Cell:Cell Membrane • Allows movement in and out of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  17. Cell Membrane Cont. • Passive Transport: • Requires NO energy • Diffusion: substance move through the membrane • Osmosis: movement of water from HIGH LOW concentration • Active Transport: • Requires energy • Moves from LOW HIGH concentration (that’s why it takes energy!)

  18. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Moves materials around in cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  19. Ribosomes • Make proteins http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  20. Vacuoles • Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  21. Surrounding the Cell:Cell WallFound in plant cells/bacteria • Shapes, supports & protects cells http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  22. ChloroplastFound only in plant cells *Green Chlorophyll= Makes plant food/ photosynthesis http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  23. Golgi Bodies • Moves Protein within/out of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  24. LysosomeFound mainly in animal cells • Digestive functions for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  25. “Typical” Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

  26. “Typical” Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

  27. Cellular Rap • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8

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