Joe Cramer September 2010

1. Update on WRC-12 Issues Impacting Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC)ITU-R Working Party 5Band Future RegulatoryConsiderations Joe Cramer September 2010

2. Agenda • AVSI and WAIC • Importance of WAIC • WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC • AI 1.11 • AI 1.12 • ITU-R Working Party 5B Update • Issues Discussed and Documents • Potential Future WRC Agenda Item • ICAO and Future Course of Action • ICAO and ITU-R Support

3. AVSI and WAIC • What is the Aerospace Vehicle Systems Institute (AVSI) • Aerospace Vehicle System Institute - A cooperative of companies, academia and government agencies. Members include Airbus, BAE Systems, Boeing, Bombardier, Embraer, Goodrich, Gulfstream, GE Aviation, Honeywell, NASA, United Technologies. • Focus on developing improved aerospace vehicles. • Creates an environment for collaboration on research and development projects; investigates emerging technologies; and influences standards and policies to promote cost effective systems development and certification. • What is Wireless Avionics Intra Communications (WAIC) • Radiocommunication between two or more points on a single aircraft. • Includes integrated wireless components and/or installed components. • Part of a closed, exclusive network required for operation of the aircraft. • Does not provide air-to-ground, air to satellite, or air-to-air communications. • Only safety related applications are being contemplated.

4. WAIC Technical Characteristics • WAIC is based on short range radio technology (< 100m) • WAIC operates with low transmission power (< 10 mW) • Main application area is internal, within fuselage/cabin • External transmission via directive antennas (e.g. landing gear, wings) • WAIC is to be classified as AM(R)S because: (cf. RR Article 1.33) • communication in WAIC systems takes place between aircraft stations • communication in WAIC systems is related to safety and regularity of flight • WAIC systems will be installed primarily onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes

5. Importance of WAIC to Aviation Industry • Environmental Benefits • Less wiring will reduce aircraft weight, enabling less fuel burn. • Increased Reliability • Fewer connector pins/failures, cracked insulation, & broken conductors • Mesh networks could provide redundancy • Safety Improvements: • Wireless links can provide redundancy • Reduce amount of aging wiring and associated malfunction issues • fewer connector pins/failures, lower risk of cracked insulation & broken conductors

6. Importance of WAIC to the Aviation Industry • Operational Efficiency Improvements • Ability to obtain more data from aircraft surfaces • Easier and more reliable access to maintenance data, particularly for rotating and moving parts (e.g. wheel wells, actuators, etc.) • Less wire maintenance to remediate chafing conditions • Simplify and reduce life-cycle cost of airplane wiring • Reduced weight should save fuel costs

7. Satellite Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) Communications between aircraft SatelliteCommunication PAX Connectivity External Internal Radio, TV, IFE Mobile Phone Live-IP Scope of WAIC Flight deck crew voice/data Sensors Flight Deck Crew Cabin Control Cabin crew voice/data Structural sensors Machine -to- Machine Cargo data Video surveillance Cabin Crew Communications between Aircraft and Ground Airport

8. Examples of Potential WAIC Applications Low Data Rate, Interior Applications: • Sensors: Cabin Pressure - Smoke Detection - Fuel Tank/Line - Proximity - Temperature - EMI Incident Detection - Structural Health Monitoring - Humidity/Corrosion Detection • Controls: Emergency Lighting - Cabin Functions Low Data Rate, Outside Applications: • Sensors: Ice Detection - Landing Gear Position Feedback - Brake Temperature - Tire Pressure - Wheel Speed - Steering Feedback - Flight Controls Position Feedback - Door Proximity - Engine Sensors - Cargo Compartment - Structural Sensors High Data Rate, Interior Applications: • Sensors: Air Data - Engine Prognostic - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Still Imagery / Video • Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus - FADEC Aircraft Interface - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Audio / Video (safety-related) - Flight -Operations related Digital Data (e.g. EFOS…) High Data Rate, Outside Applications: • Sensors: Structural Health Monitoring - Imaging Sensors (Still and Video) • Controls: Active Vibration Control • Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus

9. WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC • Agenda Item 1.12 • Seeks to determine if the aeronautical mobile service should not be permitted in the 37-38 GHz band • No current aviation systems in this band. • Until 2008, no aviation systems were considered in this band. • However, WAIC might be able to use this band • ICAO Position • To oppose excluding aeronautical use of the existing mobile service allocation in the band 37 - 38 GHz. To support the use of technical protection limits to ensure that any future AMS system in the band 37 - 38 GHz will be compatible with other co-primary services.

10. WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC • Agenda Item 1.12 • CITEL Draft Position – Consistent with ICAO Position • CEPT Position – Eliminate Aeronautical Mobile Service • APT Position – Support the sharing studies • ASMG Position – Support sharing studies & eliminate AMS if studies show sharing is not possible • ATU Position – TBD • Aerospace Industry wants to protect Space Research Service • Not likely that Fixed applications will intersect with aircraft. • WP 5B provided preliminary technical information to WP 7B and to 5C (responsible groups) • WP 5B asked 7B if any WAIC classifications are acceptable. • No response

11. WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC • Agenda Item 1.11 • Seeks to permit the Space Research Service in the 22.55-23.15 GHz band. • Liaison statement to WP 7B sent that states WAIC will not consider this band.

12. ITU-R Working Party 5B - Update WP5B is lead ITU-R Group WAIC Draft New Report • Inputs from CEPT, US, Brazil and Canada • Technical Characteristics and Operational Objectives of WAIC Systems • Sent to Study Group 5 for approval at November Meeting

13. ICAO and Future Course of Action • Likely Future WRC Agenda Item for WAIC • Draft Proposals being circulated in US, Brazil, Germany (possibly CEPT or multi-country), and possibly Canada. • World-wide allocation(s) must be obtained • Spectrum usage must fall within ICAO Convention in order to obtain benefits for equipment certification. • No bands being proposed in Drafts

14. ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support • If an Agenda Item is approved, then support from ASMG, ATU and ICAO is required • Because WAIC will provide safety benefits, how should it be incorporated into the ITU-R Regulations? • AM(R)S? • Mobile Service with Footnote providing priority? • Other? • The Service Definition chosen for WAIC requires support • Need to consider how to meet ITU and ICAO requirements: • Obtaining AM(R)S spectrum will be extremely difficult given the fact WAIC will have to share band with incumbent service.

15. Satellite Ground Station Classic AM(R)S/AMS(R)S • Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Service • Aeronautical Mobile (Route) Service (AMS) - example: • HF Voice – (2 - 30 MHz) • VHF Voice – (117.975 -137 MHz)

16. ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support • WAIC could be classified as AM(R)S - it complies with RR Article 1.33 • 1.83 aircraft station: A mobile station in the aeronautical mobile service, other than a survival craft station, located on board an aircraft. • A WAIC transmitter can be considered an “aircraft station” because it is located on an aircraft. • 1.32 aeronautical mobile service: A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, … • Communication between WAIC transmitters conforms with the requirement “between aircraft stations”. • 1.33 aeronautical mobile (R)* service: An aeronautical mobile service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes. • WAIC applications are defined as limited to safety applications. • WAIC systems will be installed onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes