THE WORLD BANK

1. THE WORLD BANK Begüm Çolak Göksu Köstepen Yiğit Özbulu Zeynep Çobanoğlu

2. THE WORLD BANK • World Bank Group’sareownedbymembernations’ governments. • Member Nations havetheultimatedecisionmakingpower in theallorganizationsincluding; • Policy • Financial • Membershipissues

3. Member countries manage the World Bank Group through the Boards of Governors and the Boards of Executive Directors. • Boards of Governors and the Boards of Executive Directors make all major decisions. • If some country wants to be a member to the World Bank Group a country must first join the IMF under the authority of ‘IBRD Articles of Agreement’.

4. According to the ‘’A Guide to the World Bank, Second Edition’’ which clarifies the World Bank Group, The World Bank is; • The world’s largest funder of education • The world’s largest external funder of the fight against HIV/AIDS • A leader in the fight against corruption worldwide • A strong supporter of debt relief • The largest international financier of biodiversity projects

5. FIVE INSTITUTIONS WHO CREATE THE WORLD BANK • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) • International Development Association (IDA) • International Finance Corporation (IFC) • Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) • International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)

7. INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT • This institution aims to reduce poverty in middle-income countries through the; • Loans • Guarantees • Risk managementproducts • They alsowanttopromotesustainabledevelopmentwithloansandguarantees.

8. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is established in 1944. • Today this institution has a 188 members.

9. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION • International Development Association is the part of the World Bank Group which helps the world’s poorest countries. • IDA aims to reduce inequalities between the people from country to country. • Also IDA wants to increase people’s living standards by providing loans.

10. IDA and IBRD have got a same aim. • They evaluate projects with the same straight standards. • IDA has 172 members. • IDA helps world’s 82 poorest countries. • 40 poorest countries are located in Africa. • IDA lends money on concessional terms.Thismeans they charge little or no interest rate for their actions or organizations.

11. International Development Association financed their operations; • primary education, • basic health services, • clean water and sanitation, • environmental safeguards, • business climate improvements, • infrastructure and institutional reforms.

12. INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPARATION • International Fınance Corparation is the largest global development corparationwhich focused on exclusively to the private sector. • IFC help to develop countries by doing financial investment and providing advisory services. • IFC has 184 members.

13. IFC’s vision is based on poverty and living standards. • According to IFC their vision is ‘people should have the opportunity to escape poverty and improve their lives.’ • They reach their aims by; • helping the people to create productive jobs, • promoting markets in developing countries and • supporting companies which have got gaps in their businesses.

14. Jin-Yong Cai is IFC’s Executive Vice President and CEO • The Independent Evaluation Group evaluates IFC’s projects and programs. • IFC’s partners and stakeholders include; • Civilsociety, • Developmentinstitutıons, • Donors, • Foundations & companies, • IFC member countries • Media.

15. MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY • Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency was created in 1988 as a member of The World Bank Group’s. • MIGA promotes foreign direct investment in developing countries. • By doing that MIGA wants to support; • Country’seconomic growth, • Decreasingpoverty in that countries and • Increasepeople’s living standards.

16. MIGA meets this mandate by offering political risk insurance guarantees to investors and lenders. • MIGA has 179 members but only 29 members are original.

17. INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR SETTLEMENT OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES • ICSID is an autarchic international institution. • Openedon March 18, 1965 and begin their actions on October 14, 1966. • ICSID has 148 members. • ICSD provides international facilities for reconciliation and referee of investment disputes.

18. BOARD OF DIRECTORS

19. BOARD OF DIRECTORS • World Bank Group President and 25 Executive Directors generate the Board of Dırectors. • The president manages the Board of Directors. • The president has no vote power in normal but in case of an equal division the president has got a vote power. • With the period beginning November 1, 2010, the Executive Directors number increased by one. • Today in total 25 Executive Directors were exist.

20. PREVIOUS COMPOSITIONS • The first Boards consisted of 12 Executive Directors in  IBRD Articles of Agreement, Article V Section 4(b). • There were 22Executive Directors in November,1992. • In 1992 huge variety of new members attend the Bank. • Therefore, the number of members increased to 20. • Russia and Switzerland raise the number of Executive Directors to 24. • In November 1 2010 , the number of Executive Directors increased totaling 25.

21. VOTING POWER • The World Bank and IMF accepted a weighted system of voting. • According to the IBRD Articles of Agreement, membership in the Bank is open for all members of IMF. • A country applying for membership in the Fund need to supply data on its economy. • This data can be compared with other countries’ economies which are similar in size. • A quota is allocated, equivalent to the country’s substititon to the Fund. • This describes its voting power in the Fund

22. VOTING POWER (Cont.) • Each member country of the Bank is allocated 250 votes plus one extra vote for each share. • It holds this in the capital stock. • The quota is used identify the number of shares allocated to each new member country of the Bank. • The voting power distribution vary agency to agency within the World Bank Group .

23. ETHIC MATTERS • The Code of Conduct for Board Officials repeal the Code of Conduct and Ethics Committee Procedures approved in August 2003. • The Code of Conduct offers  that ,as these officals are entrusted with responsibilities  in the Articles of Agreement, By-Laws, and related documents of the organizations , their personal conduct has to conduct consent with the standards and procedures set forth in the Code of Conduct. • The Board has established an Ethics Committee to address ethics issues.

24. BOARD OF GOVERNORS

25. BOARD OF GOVERNORS • The World Bank is like a cooperative which has got 188 members. • These members can be countries or shareholders. • ‘Board of Governors’ represents these countries. • Board of Governors are the final policy makers at the World Bank. • Ministers of finance or ministers of development can be the governor of the country.

26. Board of Governors delegates all powers to the Executive Directors but according to the Articles of Agreement but theycan’t; • admit and suspend members, • increase or decrease the capital stock, • determine the bank’s net income’s distribution • suspend bank’s operations permanently.

27. They meet once in a year at the Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank Group and the International Monetary Fund. • The governors and alternates serve the World Bank for five years. • If they don’t want to continue to their duties, new governors and alternates can be reappointed • Board of Governors is the World Bank’s senior decision makers.

28. Board of Governorsarehead of theallbanks.

29. JIM YONG KIM

30. World Bank Group’s 12th president. • July 1, 2012

31. He was born in 1959 in Seoul, South Korea. • At the age of five he moved United States with his family. • He grew up in Muscatine, Iowa. • Kim graduated with an A.B. magna cum laude from Brown University in 1982. • ‘Magna cum laude’ is a latin word and it means great praise. • Furthermore he also earned an M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1991 and a Ph.D. in anthropology from Harvard University in 1993

32. In March 2009, he became the 17th president of the Dartmouth College. • He was the first Asian American President at the ‘Ivy League’. • Ivy League is an athletic conference which is consists of eight private constitutions sports teams. • These eight private schools are located in the Northeastern United States.

33. The eight private institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University. • Ivy League schools are known as most prestigious schools in the world. • These schools are also ranked in best universities in the worldwide.

34. After that on March 23, 2012, Barrack Obama nominated Kim as a next president of the World Bank. • On April 16, 2012, the World Bank officially selected Kim as its next president. • Kim begins his duty on July 01, 2012. • Before Kim, Robert Zoellick was the president of the World Bank Group’s.

35. WORLD BANK’S WORKS • The Poor Countries • Post-Conflict and Fragile States • Middle-Income Countries • Global Public Goods • The Arab World

36. ThePoorCountries • 1.4 billion people survive on incomes of $1.25 or less a day • Communicable diseases, especially HIV/AIDS and malaria • Many of the poorest countries in Africa are landlocked and lack reliable electricity

37. Conflict and Fragile States • Some 80 percent of the 20 poorest countries have suffered a major war in the past 15 years • Countries emerging from war face a 44 percent chance of return within five years

38. Middle-Income Countries • These countries are generally creditworthy and have some access to financial markets, but they face constraints in mobilizing the funds. They need to invest in infrastructure and essential services. • They also need help to reform policies and institutions in ways that improve the investment climate

39. Global Public Goods Include; • the environment • public health • international trade and financial infrastructure

40. The Arab World • strong potentialfor growth and development • the highest unemployment among developing regions • the region’s poor and rich countries alike suffer from such problems as water scarcity

41. Knowledge and Learning • Poorand developing countries seek the World Bank Group’s expertise as much as they seek its financial assistance • To becomemore economically competitive, they need data to benchmark their progress.