Canadian Society during the Cold War

1. Canadian Society during the Cold War Massey Commission-CBC, CRTC, Canada Council for the Arts, Hockey Night in Canada Rise of the Suburbs and consumer culture - era of the autom -obile Family Values of the Baby Boomer generation Prosperity - working conditions, giant mega-projects, natural resources (oil), American investment Exclusion of minorities - civil rights movement, Aboriginal peo -ples, ethnic minorities, single women

2. CRTC Origins Telecommunications under the Railway Act As a new nation, the main telecommunication challenge- creating a system that served the Canadian population across a vast territory. The telephone and telegraph companies regulated by the Board of Railway Commissioners under the Railway Act. The Board responsible for telephone service rates, the interconnection of telephone systems and lines along highways and other public places. Early Broadcasting Regulations Parliament recommended a national broadcasting network. In1932, the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC) established. The CRBC provided a national broadcasting service and regulated all broadcasting. The CRBC was the earliest version of the CRTC.

3. Evoluntion to the CRTC As commissions, studies, hearings and legislation were discussed, the role of the CRTC evolved. The CRTC was established by Parliament in 1968. The CRTC supervises and regulates Canadian broadcasting and telecommunications while remaining independent. It reports to Parliament through the Minister of Canadian Heritage. History of the Canadian Radio-television Commission The Canadian Radio-television Commission emerged from a series of commissions, studies, hearings and legislation. The agency created in 1968 to regulate the Canadian broadcasting industry. In its earliest days, the Commission’s job was to oversee provisions of the Broadcasting Act: confirming the CBC’s mandate as a national broadcaster; stronger restrictions on foreign ownership of broadcast outlets; ensuring adequate amounts of Canadian content; and a vision of Canada’s broadcasting system as the promoter and guardian of Canadian cultural, social and economic structures In 1976, the regulator’s name changed to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC).

4. Chronology 1852The first Telegraph Act is passed. 1866The first permanent transatlantic telegraph link is built, via a submarine cable between Ireland and Newfoundland. 1902Canada's first wireless station is established in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia. 1905The Radiotelegraph Act is passed. It’s the first Canadian legislation about the wireless telegraph. 1913The Radiotelegraph Act is expanded to include the radiotelephone sector. 1923Canadian National Railways (CN) installs radio equipment on trains. 1931The first Canadian television station, VE9EC, goes on the air in Montreal. VE9EC is owned jointly by radio station CKAC and the newspaper, La Presse. 1941The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation News Service is created. Special broadcasts include Sir Winston Churchill's speech to the House of Commons in Ottawa. 1942The Canadian Association of Broadcasters (CAB) calls on the Association of Canadian Advertisers (ACA) and the Canadian Association of Advertising Agencies to develop a system for setting the price of advertising air time. This leads to the creation of the Bureau of Broadcast Measurement (BBM).

5. 1944CBC creates a third public network, known as Dominion, to provide a second choice of English-language programs. 1949CBC takes over the facilities of the Broadcasting Corporation of Newfoundland when that province enters Confederation. 1950Cable & Wireless Limited and the Canadian Marconi Company become national companies, and a  Crown corporation is created: the Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation (COTC). It  becomes Teleglobe in 1975.1951The Massey-Lévesque Commission formalizes the CBC's regulatory role. 1952Canadian television (CBC) is launched. Canada's first urban cablevision facility opens in London, Ontario. 1955First TV broadcast of the opening of Parliament.CBC television is now accessible to 66% of Canadians.A Royal Commission on broadcasting, chaired by Robert Fowler, is created. 1957The Fowler Commission recommends that the CBC give up its role as a broadcasting regulator. It also recommends that upcoming legislation on broadcasting prevent non-Canadians from owning more than 20% interest in any Canadian radio or TV station.

6. 1960The BBG invites private TV stations to apply to become networks. • 1961The CTV network (Canadian Television Network) is launched.The CBC submits recommendations on satellite telecommunications in Canada.The transatlantic telephone system is officially launched with a call from Queen Elizabeth II to Prime Minister John Diefenbaker. • 1962The Alouette satellite is launched. Canada becomes the third country in the world to have a satellite in orbit. • 1963The government decides that the private sector should develop Canada's aerospace industry (known as the ISIS satellite program). • 1964A new committee on broadcasting is formed, the Fowler Committee.The Committee urges the government to define its expectations for broadcasting and set objectives for both public and private broadcasting in Canada.The Committee also recommends replacing the BBG with a new regulatory and licensing agency. • 1965The Canadian government announces its policy on colour television. • 1966The government defines its broadcasting policy: Canadians should maintain control over new communications technologies in order to preserve and strengthen Canada's social and economic structures.Colour TV broadcasts begin in Canada.

7. 1976The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Act expands the CRTC's jurisdiction to include telecommunications companies.1984First specialty services MuchMusic and TSN are approved. Later Telelatino and Chinavision are licensed.1991Parliament amends the Broadcasting Act.1992CRTC allows long-distance competition in the telecommunications industry.1993Parliament passes a new Telecommunications Act.1995The first licences for direct-to-home satellite service (DTH) are granted to Bell ExpressVu and Power DirecTv.1997CRTC introduces local competition in the telecommunications industry.1999The CRTC licenses the world's first service devoted to aboriginal peoples for nationwide distribution, the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN).The CRTC becomes one of the first communication regulators in the world to clarify its position on the Internet.2000The CRTC sets out a licensing structure for digital specialty and pay television services.