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Chapter 3

Chapter 3 . Musical Instruments and Ensembles. The VOICE Soprano Mezzo Soprano Alto Tenor Baritone Bass. Groups of instruments are divided into what are called FAMILIES STRINGS BOW

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Musical Instruments and Ensembles

  2. The VOICE • Soprano • Mezzo Soprano • Alto • Tenor • Baritone • Bass

  3. Groups of instruments are divided into what are called FAMILIES • STRINGS • BOW • Strings are made of material that can catch the bow and create the resistance to make a sound – most often GUT or WOUND METAL

  4. PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENTS • Early history plucked string instruments were the LUTE, or PSALTRY • Took part in CONSORTS • MODERN PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENTS • GUITAR • HARP

  5. BOWED STRING INSTRUMENTS • MODERN BOWED INSTRUMNETS • VIOLIN, VIOLA, CELLO, DOUBLE BASS • BOW, PIZZICATO • BOW Sounds – LEGATO, STACATTO, TREMOLO • VIBRATO, MUTE

  6. WOODWINDS • Common Woodwind Instruments in the Modern Orchestra: • Piccolo • Flute • Oboe • Clarinet • English Horn • Bassoon • Bass Clarinet • Contrabassoon • Saxophone

  7. BRASSES • Notes are changed by pressing down VALVES – which control the air flow – or by moving a SLIDE – controlling the tubing. • Common Brass Instruments: • Trumpet • French Horn • Trombone • Tuba

  8. PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS • Pitched and Non-Pitched • Pitched • Timpani, Glockenspiel (Bells), Celesta, Xylophone, Marimba, Vibraphone • Non-Pitched • Bass Drum, Side/Snare Drum, Tambourine, Triangle, Cymbals, Gong (Tam-Tam), Tom Toms, Bongos, Congas, Cowbell, ratchet, sleigh bells, whip, etc…

  9. KEYBOARD INSTRUMNETS • Piano, Organ • ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS • Two Types: • Instruments that produce acoustic sounds that are modified electronically • Instruments that generate sounds using electronics • SYNTHESIZERS

  10. INSTRUMENTAL ENSEMBLES • Chamber Ensembles • The Orchestra • Wind Ensemble • Conductor

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