Design Pattern

1. Design Pattern Team 5: The Infinite Loops Gloria Berumen Patricia Martinez Jose Roberto Salcido Michelle Soto Jose Luis Yanez Omar Zorrilla

2. Design Pattern Prototype

3. What is Prototype? • Used to clone or copy the existing objects instead create new ones from scratch. • Used when creating an instance of a class that is very time consuming. • Helps to speed up the instantiation of objects • When the classes to instantiate are specified at run time.

4. Advantages of Prototype • Avoid repetitive code. • Simplified object copy process. • Makes the program structure easier to understand and maintain. • Improve performance. • Reducing sub-classing. • Adding and removing products at runtime.

5. Example

6. Example: Class Diagram

7. public abstract class Product implements Cloneable { private String SKU; private String description; public Object clone() { Object clone = null; try { clone = super.clone(); } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return clone; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public String getSKU() { return SKU; } public void setDescription(String string) { description = string; } public void setSKU(String string) { SKU = string; } }

8. public class Book extends Product { private intnumberOfPages; public intgetNumberOfPages() { return numberOfPages; } public void setNumberOfPages(inti) { numberOfPages = i; } } public class ProductCache { private static HashtableproductMap = new Hashtable(); public static Product getProduct(String productCode) { Product cachedProduct = (Product) productMap.get(productCode); return (Product) cachedProduct.clone(); } public static void loadCache() { b1.setSKU("B1"); b1.setNumberOfPages(100); productMap.put(b1.getSKU(), b1); } }

9. public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { ProductCache.loadCache(); Book clonedBook = (Book) ProductCache.getProduct("B1"); System.out.println("SKU = " + clonedBook.getSKU()); System.out.println("SKU = " + clonedBook.getDescription()); System.out.println("SKU = " + clonedBook.getNumberOfPages()); } }

10. References • http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/PashuSX/PrototypeDesignPattern05042006112741AM/PrototypeDesignPattern.aspx • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype_pattern • http://sourcemaking.com/design_patterns/prototype • http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/rajeshvs/prototypepatternsincs11142005003823am/prototypepatternsincs.aspx • http://www.oodesign.com/prototype-pattern.html • http://wiki.asp.net/page.aspx/499/prototype-pattern/ • http://www.apwebco.com/gofpatterns/creational/Prototype.html

11. Design Pattern Command

12. What is the Command Pattern? • Design pattern used to express a request, including the call to be made and all of its required parameters, in a command object. • This command object can be executed immediately or can be held for later use.

13. Command Design Pattern • The command object does not contain the functionality that is to be executed, only the info required to perform an action. • This removes the direct link between the command definitions and the functionality, promoting loose coupling.

14. Command Design Pattern • Is useful during activities that require the execution of a series of commands. • The command objects can be held in a queue and processed sequentially. • Also, if each object is stored in a stack after it is executed, they can allow the implementation of a multi-level undo facility.

15. Command Pattern Class Diagram

16. Example: Remote Controlling a Robot • Receiver would be the robot. • The receiver class would include methods that allowed the robot to move forward/backward. • To control the robot, the commands would be added to a queue in the invoker object. • When commands are executed, the invoker would process the queue and add the commands to the stack.

17. References • http://www.blackwasp.co.uk/Command.aspx

18. Design Pattern Proxy

19. Intent of the Proxy Pattern • Provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it. • Use an extra level of indirection to support distributed, controlled, or intelligent access. • Add a wrapper and delegation to protect the real component from undue complexity.

20. Problem • You need to support resource-hungry objects, and you do not want to instantiate such objects unless and until they are actually requested by the client.

21. Four Situations Where Proxy Pattern is Applicable • A virtual proxy is a placeholder for “expensive to create” objects. The real object is only created when a client first requests/accesses the object. • A remote proxy provides a local representative for an object that resides in a different address space. This is what the “stub” code in RPC and CORBA provides.

22. Four Situations Where Proxy Pattern is Applicable • A protective proxy controls access to a sensitive master object. The “surrogate” object checks that the caller has the access permissions required prior to forwarding the request. • A smart proxy interposes additional actions when an object is accessed. Typical uses include: • Counting the number of references to the real object so that it can be freed automatically when there are no more references (aka smart pointer), • Loading a persistent object into memory when it’s first referenced, • Checking that the real object is locked before it is accessed to ensure that no other object can change it

23. Example of Proxy Design Pattern • The Proxy provides a surrogate or place holder to provide access to an object. A check or bank draft is a proxy for funds in an account. A check can be used in place of cash for making purchases and ultimately controls access to cash in the issuer’s account.

24. References • Source Making: Teaching IT Professionals http://sourcemaking.com/design_patterns/proxy