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Greek and Roman Mythology

Greek and Roman Mythology. A Review of The Principal Gods and Goddesses. In the beginning. …was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) Chaos had two children: Night (darkness) Erebus (death) “All was black, empty, silent, endless.” Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death. And then.

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Greek and Roman Mythology

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  1. Greek and Roman Mythology A Review of The Principal Gods and Goddesses

  2. In the beginning... • …was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) • Chaos had two children: • Night (darkness) • Erebus (death) • “All was black, empty, silent, endless.” • Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.

  3. And then... • When Love was born, order and beauty began to flourish. • Love created Light and Day. • Earth was created. • She was the solid ground, but also a personality. • The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.

  4. The First Parents • Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia) • Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus) • They had three kinds of children: • Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads • Three Cyclopes • The Titans

  5. The Titans (The Elder Gods) • There were many of them. • Enormous size, incredible strength • Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the Titans • Rhea (Ops): Wife of Cronos • Oceanus: River that encircled the world • Iapetus: Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also Titans)

  6. Cronos and Rhea were parents of: Zeus (Jupiter, Jove) Poseidon (Neptune) Hades (Pluto) Hera (Juno) Hestia (Vesta) Demeter (Ceres) Other Olympians include: Athena (Minerva) Ares (Mars) Hephaestus (Vulcan) Apollo Artemis (Diana) Hermes (Mercury) Aphrodite (Venus) Dionysus (Bacchus) Persephone (Proserpina) The Olympians

  7. The Olympians

  8. Zeus • Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove) • King of the gods • Fathered many characters in mythology • Overthrew his father Cronos

  9. Zeus

  10. Hera • Roman Name: Juno • Zeus’s sister and wife • Jealous protector of marriage • Punished the women Zeus fell in love with

  11. Poseidon • Roman Name: Neptune • God of the Seas and Waters • “The Earthshaker” • Symbol = trident

  12. Hades • Roman Name: Pluto • God of the Underworld/ Dead • Kidnapped Persephone

  13. Hestia • Roman Name: Vesta • Goddess of Home & Hearth • Powerful Protector

  14. Demeter • Roman Name: Ceres • Goddess of the Harvest • Caused the change of seasons

  15. Athena • Roman Name: Minerva • Goddess of Wisdom and War • Sprang from Zeus’s head

  16. Ares • Roman Name: Mars • God of War • Son of Zeus and Hera • Bloodthirsty and merciless

  17. Hephaestus • Roman Name: Vulcan • Blacksmith to the gods • Son of Zeus and Hera • Married to Aphrodite

  18. Apollo • Roman Name: Apollo • God of Light/Sun and Music • Twin brother of Artemis

  19. Artemis • Roman Name: Diana • Goddess of the Moon/ Hunt • Twin sister to Apollo

  20. Hermes • Roman Name: Mercury • Messenger of the Gods • Appears in more myths than any other character

  21. Aphrodite • Roman Name: Venus • Goddess of Love and Beauty • Sprang from the ocean foam

  22. Dionysus • Roman Name: Bacchus • God of Wine & Theater • Cupbearer to the gods • Taught man how to grow grapes & make wine

  23. Persephone • Roman Name: Proserpina • Goddess of the Underworld • Daughter of Zeus and Demeter • Abducted by Hades

  24. Eros • Roman Name: Cupid • Young God of Love • Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus

  25. Iris • Roman Name: Isis • Goddess of the Rainbow • Servant to Hera • Messenger goddess

  26. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne Inspired artists of all kinds Goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences “He is happy whom the muses love.” The Muses Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia

  27. The Graces • Three Goddesses of Grace and Beauty • “They give life its bloom.” • Aglaia (Splendor) • Euphrosyne (Mirth) • Thalia (Good Cheer)

  28. The Erinnyes (The Furies) • Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae (The Furies) • Three Goddesses of Vengeance • Tisiphone • Alecto • Megaera • They punish evildoers.

  29. The Fates • Roman Name: Parcae, Moirae • Three sisters • Clotho (“The Spinner”) • Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”) • Atropos (“The cutter”) • They weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans.

  30. The Satyrs • Gods of the woods and mountains • “Shepherd gods” • Goat men (like Pan) • Companions of Dionysus • They like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs.

  31. The Gorgons • Three snake-haired monsters • Medusa is most well-known • Their look turns men to stone.

  32. The Centaurs • Half man, half horse • Savage creatures (except Chiron) • Followers of Dionysus

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