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Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Blood: Modeling Red Blood Cells with a Bead-and-Spring Models

Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Blood: Modeling Red Blood Cells with a Bead-and-Spring Models. Investigators: L.E. Wedgewood; Kyung- Hyo Kim, UIC Chemical Engineering. Understanding blood rheology (i.e., blood flow properties) is important for the treatment of occlusive vascular disease.

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Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Blood: Modeling Red Blood Cells with a Bead-and-Spring Models

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  1. Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Blood: Modeling Red Blood Cells with a Bead-and-Spring Models Investigators: L.E. Wedgewood; Kyung-Hyo Kim, UIC Chemical Engineering • Understanding blood rheology (i.e., blood flow properties) is important for the treatment of occlusive vascular disease. • Viscoelastic behavior of red blood cells affect flow behavior and transport in blood vesicles. • A red blood cell is a biconcave disk with length of ~8.5um [Fig 1] and accounts for roughly 38% - 46% of blood’s volume. • Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect: The decrease in apparent viscosity when blood vessel has small diameter less than about 0.3 mm [Fig 2]. • To develop a Brownian dynamics (BD) model that captures the essential rheological behavior of blood [Fig 3]. Fig 1 Dimension of normal human RBC with standard deviations Fig 3 Simulation model of RBC Fig 2 RBC in a blood vessel • Construct a model for red blood cells suspended in blood plasma Fig. 3: • Bead-and-Spring Model: flexibility and elasticity of a red blood cell is represented by a network of springs to mimic cell membrane. • Intrinsic curvature of the membrane is modeled by bending potentials. • Membrane area and cell volume are constrained to be constant in accordance with actual cells. • Complex flow calculations are made using Brownian dynamics simulations. Motion and configuration of red blood cells can be simulated in complex flow geometries. • Results for a three bead-and-spring model gives a simplified view of the physical system, but captures the essential physical characteristics of red blood cells: • Correctly predicts the steady shearing properties giving the correct relation between shear stress and shear rate. • Correctly predicts the Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect for circular tubes of various radii. • Future goals: • Addition of details to the red blood cell model: internal viscosity of cell, bending potentials and interaction between cells. • The method can be extended to more complex situations by replacing the single vessel for more complex geometries (walls, constriction, bends, junction, networks) or combinations.

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