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Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus. Andrea Strickland PTA 1010. Diabetes is a metabolic disease. Diabetes is a group of diseases caused by high blood glucose that results from defects in the bodys ability to use or produce insulin More than one in ten American adults have some form of diabetes

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Diabetes Mellitus

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  1. Diabetes Mellitus Andrea Strickland PTA 1010

  2. Diabetes is a metabolic disease • Diabetes is a group of diseases caused by high blood glucose that results from defects in the bodys ability to use or produce insulin • More than one in ten American adults have some form of diabetes • Can effect young and old

  3. Insulin • Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas • Helps regulate metabolism by taking up glucose from the blood • In a diabetic, insulin cannot be stored by the cells, so it remains in blood stream

  4. Causes • Environment • Some people are born with the predisposition for diabetes, then something in your environment triggers it. • Genetics • Can be passed from parents • Obesity • Linked with poor family habits including diet and exercise

  5. 3 COMMOM TYPES OF DIABETES • TYPE 1: JUVENILE ONSET • The body does not produce enough insulin • Requires injections • Inherited from both parents • Environmental factors such as cold weather, or a virus • Early diet • Affects 5%

  6. TYPE 2: Adult Onset • Most common form of diabetes • Stronger link to family history • Affects 23% of Americans over age 60 • Factors include • Aging • Weight gain • Being sedentary • Lifestyle • Diet • Obesity • Harder to tell if its caused from lifestyle or genetics for some people

  7. GeSTATIOnal DIABETES • When expecting mothers have high blood glucose levels • Can be harmful to the baby if not treated • Larger babies can be born (macrosomia) • Can led to childhood obesity • Can eventually turn into Type 2 when the child becomes an adult

  8. Complications • Diabetes causes several complications • Heart Disease • Diabetics are twice as likely to have a heart attack • Factors are high blood pressure, obesity, and abnormal blood vessel function • Kidney Disease • Diabetes is leading cause of kidney failure • High blood sugar overworks kidneys causing them to filter too much blood • If kidney failure occurs, dialysis or transplant is necessary

  9. Retinopathy • Capillaries in eyes are destroyed from too much sugar • Elevated blood glucose can cause the eye lens to swell, leading to blindness or blurred vision • Neuropathy • Excess blood sugar injures the walls of vessels, especially in legs • Causes loss of sensation • Foot ulcers can form • Amputation • 60% of lower limb amputations are from diabetes

  10. Physical therapy • Physical therapy necessitates education for diabetics to better their health by promoting the benefits of exercise and nutrition • Communication skills • Individualized Exercise Program • Balance Exercises • Stretching • Strengthening • Aerobic exercise • Weight loss can greatly reduce many complications by regulating blood glucose levels and by lowering blood pressure • Educate diabetics about eating healthy • Lowering cholesterol • Watching sugar intake • Eating more fruits and veggies

  11. Anodyne therapy • Helps treat pain, swelling, and improves sensation, through monochromatic infrared energy • Makes new blood vessels to help heal wounds • Studies show that 67% show pain reduction and better overall function after treatment • Teach Proper Foot Care • Help patients recognize harmful sores • Teaches diabetics how to clean feet properly and cut toe nails • Physical therapists help amputees • Teach balance, gait, and stabilization techniques • Teach exercises to get residual limb stronger for prosthetic • Educates amputee how to use and care for prosthetic

  12. Physical therapy can help support families and educate them on how to care for a diabetic Through education, diet, and exercise, diabetes can become less of an issue in our country Can be controlled or completely prevented

  13. Works cited • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes-Mellitus • http://www.diabetes.org/assets/pdfs/advocacy/state-legislative-priorities.pdf • http://www.cybert.com/ptdiabetes.asp • http://www.oandplibrary.org/alp/chap23-01.asp • http://www.centralpodiatry.com/photos/ulcer9.jpg • http://www.centralpodiatry.com/photos/ulcer4.jpg

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