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SURFACE VS UNDERGROUND MINING SPECIALLY FOR THAR FIELD

SURFACE VS UNDERGROUND MINING SPECIALLY FOR THAR FIELD. By ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZ PRESIDENT INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN. MINERAL. Free occurring substance in the crust of earth having economic significance.

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SURFACE VS UNDERGROUND MINING SPECIALLY FOR THAR FIELD

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  1. SURFACE VS UNDERGROUND MINING SPECIALLY FOR THAR FIELD By ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN

  2. MINERAL • Free occurring substance in the crust of earth having economic significance. • All operations connected with the discovery, exploration and exploitation of minerals called mining. • Mining Methods vary depending upon the location of minerals their characteristics as well as characteristics of the associated rocks. • Access to minerals if made through underground passage deploys underground mining method. • Non-underground mining method is called surface mining method.

  3. Choice of mining methods • The size and shape of ore body • Depth and type of over burden • Location, strike and dip of deposit • The strength and physical character of the mineral • Water and Drainage – absence/presence of water. • In case of metallic mineral the grade and type of ore in other economic factors.

  4. THARROAD TO PROSPERITY

  5. COALFIELDS IN SINDH - MAP Lakhra KHI 193 km Badin KHI 192 km Sonda KHI 150 km Metting Jhimpir KHI 200 km Thar KHI 380 km

  6. Highlights of Thar Coalfield 6. Thar Coal Analysis • Coal Quality Lignite A-B • Moisture (AR) 46.77% • Ash (AR) 6.24% • Volatile Matter (AR) 23.42% • Fixed Carbon (AR) 16.66% • Sulphur (AR) 1.16% • Heating Value (Av.) 5,774 Btu./Lb.

  7. BLOCKS

  8. INVESTIGATED BLOCKS AT THAR Shenhua Block Area = 50 sq.km. B C A D Rheinbraun Block Area = 20 sq.km. Investigated Blocks and Shenhua Group/RE Blocks at Thar coal-field

  9. GEOLOGICAL PROFILE

  10. THAR COAL-FIELD (INVESTIGATED BLOCKS) Block-wise deposits

  11. THAR LIGNITE GENERAL HYDROLOGICAL SECTION Pressure head of base aquifer Dune Sand Aquifer Dune sand Coal formation Base aquifer basement

  12. THAR AQUIFER PARAMETERS

  13. Base Aquifer, Pressure Head Today Full extension of aquifer not shown and not known Islamkot Possible mining area

  14. LOCATION

  15. OPEN-PIT MINE

  16. STRIP MINING

  17. STRIPPING – BREAK EVEN STRIPPING RATIO

  18. BUCKET WHEEL EXCAVATORS:LARGEST TERRESTRIAL MACHINESIN THE WORLD

  19. BUCKET WHEEL EXCAVATORS

  20. Bucket Wheel Excavator Operating in an Open-Pit Mine

  21. Dozer stuck in a Bucket Wheel Excavator

  22. Dozer stuck in a Bucket Wheel Excavator

  23. UNDERGROUND MINING AN IDEAL SHAFT SINKING

  24. BASHIRO-JO-TAR • Deviation of shaft progress is lost • Caving of sand and flood of water • OH, shaft the shower of Thar • Vibration So Produced • Tend to induce cracks in the wall • Aggravating the fall • Operate the Pump • Dewater the Well • How comes a Shaft A Well • Desert of Thar • Locate Tharo-Jo Tar • The tearful rocks • The fierceful falls • Lo Bashir be careful of Blast • Lest We forget • And Before We Sweat

  25. BASHIRO-JO-TAR • Budget or Advice,Purchase of Device • Payment to Bashir shall sees at all. • Farewell to those positioned at Thar • Bid well to Tharo-Jo-Tar • Mission or Goal, gathering or Workshop • Pledge to serve the nation’s cause • Visualize The Position • When Sponsors not in Position • Who cares for progress or pace • Prestige, honor or loss of face • Who gained, who lost • Forget not to place on record

  26. BASHIRO-JO-TAR • Assembled today at Chak Shahzad • We the geo-scientist pray to God • No more shower in the shaft • Well turns back to shaft • Infuse thy knowledge to reach coal • Free from Water and bore hole • Good luck Oh! Saien Bashir • Complete Business before u flee • Touch the coal among sweets

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