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Prokaryotes and specialized Cells

Prokaryotes and specialized Cells. Prokaryotes. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote. Nucleoid – circular DNA, no true nucleus Plasmid – additional ring of DNA with specific factor such as antibiotic resistance Cytoplasm – semi fluid with al lthe enzymes needed for metabolism.

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Prokaryotes and specialized Cells

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  1. Prokaryotes and specialized Cells

  2. Prokaryotes

  3. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

  4. Nucleoid – circular DNA, no true nucleus Plasmid – additional ring of DNA with specific factor such as antibiotic resistance Cytoplasm – semi fluid with al lthe enzymes needed for metabolism

  5. Ribosomes – smaller type Cytoplasmic membrane – thin, elastic, selectively permeable. Cell Wall – shape and protection, made of MUREIN Capsule – gelatinous sheath of slime layer

  6. Mesosome – tight folds in the plasma membrane, cellular respiration and in some cases photosynthesis occurs here.

  7. Specialized Cells • Perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms • Groups of specialized cells can cooperate to form a tissue • Muscle ORGANIZATION: Cell>Tissue>Organ>Organism

  8. Specialized cells in animals • Red Blood Cells – contain hemoglobin to carry oxygen, no nucleus, bi-concave shape • White Blood Cells – change shape to engulf “invaders,” release enzymes • Fat cells – large vacuoles containing lipids • Nerve Cells- long axons for conduction, synaptic release for “cross talk” • Sperm – flagellum, all genetic info in head, enzyme to penetrate the egg

  9. Specialized cells in plants • Pollen – tiny grain with half the genetic info, hard outer coat • Guard Cells – open and closes leaf pore

  10. Do bacteria have specialized cells???

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