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The Classical Era Chapters 7, 9, 10

The Classical Era Chapters 7, 9, 10. Symphony Chamber Music Haydn Class Summary. ca. 1700 Origin: OPERA 3-mvt overtures called “ sinfonias ”. Symphony. Early 1700s Opera Sinfonias performed in concert halls without operas (very popular). 1740s sinfonias written as separate works

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The Classical Era Chapters 7, 9, 10

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  1. The Classical EraChapters 7, 9, 10 Symphony Chamber Music Haydn Class Summary

  2. ca. 1700 Origin:OPERA3-mvt overtures called “sinfonias” Symphony Early 1700s Opera Sinfonias performed in concert halls without operas (very popular) 1740s sinfonias written as separate works NO associated opera 4th mvt added Voila!!! Symphony

  3. Mvt 1 Typical symphony format MOOD TEMPO FORM KEY Mvt 1 serious fast sonata tonic Mvt 2 calm, slow sonata, NOT tonic expressive th & var, ABA Mvt 3 dance-like moderate minuet & tonic or scherzo or fast trio Mvt 4 lighter fast sonata or tonic sonata-rondo

  4. Chamber Music • Small ensembles; 1 player/part • No conductor • For players’ enjoyment as much as listeners’ • Filler of leisure time (entertainment!) • String quartet = most popular

  5. Haydn • patronage w/ Esterhazys • large output, much variety • 104 symphonies • many string quartets, serenades, masses, concertos, sonatas, etc. • developed orchestra • standardized instrumentation • discovered new tone colors thru various combinations of strings, woodwinds, brass • developed the symphony (genre) • lengthened it • experimented with sonata form development procedures

  6. Instrumentation—like a recipe, includes ingredients and quantity String Quartet violin 1 violin 2 viola cello Small Orchestra 2 flute 2 oboe 2 clarinet 2 bassoon 2 horn 2 trumpet 1 timpani 8 violin 1 6 violin 2 4 viola 4 cello 3 contrabass Concert Band 6 flute/piccolo 2 oboe 4 clarinet 1 5 clarinet 2 5 clarinet 3 2 bass clarinet 2 bassoon 4 horn 3 trumpet 1 2 trumpet 2 2 trumpet 3 2 trombone 1 2 trombone 2 2 trombone 3 2 euphonium 4 tuba 1 timpani 4 percussion Large Orchestra 1 piccolo 3 flute 3 oboe 1 english horn 4 clarinet 3 bassoon 1 contrabassoon 4 horn 3 trumpet 3 trombone 1 tuba 1 timpani 2 percussion 18 violin 1 16 violin 2 10 viola 10 cello 8 contrabass 2 harp Brass Quintettrumpet 1trumpet 2horntrombonetuba Woodwind Quintet flute oboe clarinet horn bassoon

  7. Class Summary: • Symphony--an opera spin-off (explain) • Why is “chamber” music so named? • Why might it be said that Haydn and Esterhazy enjoyed a symbiotic relationship? • What were the “perks” for each? • What term is used for this IMP 18thC institution? • What aspects of Haydn’s work at Esterhaza made it possible for him to “experiment” with orchestra development?

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