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Great American Culture Quiz. Three Fifths Compromise. The Big Issues: Tariffs and Slaves. Northern & Southern Economies. Northern States: Manufacturing Farming Banking Merchants Fishing. Southern States: Agricultural Depended on Slave labor. THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY.
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Three Fifths Compromise The Big Issues: Tariffs and Slaves
Northern & Southern Economies • Northern States: • Manufacturing • Farming • Banking • Merchants • Fishing Southern States: • Agricultural • Depended on Slave labor
THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY The South was made up of large Plantations where they produced cotton, tobacco & indigo
SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH Slaves viewed as property
SOUTHERN TRADE Southern States sold most of their produce to Britain & bought most manufactured goods from Britain
NORHTERN ECONOMY Much more diverse than the South • Merchants • Bankers • Farmers • Fishers • Manufacturing • No slaves • Competed with Britain Paul Revere, Silversmith Samuel Adams, Brewer John Hancock, Shipper
NORTH & SOUTH DISAGREED ON TARIFFS AND SLAVES What is a Tariff? Tax on goods and products imported from other nations In other words… an Import Tax
Based on what we know about the northern & southern economies … Which would be for tariffs? and Which would be against tariffs?
The Northern Position The north produced and sold goods. They wanted Americans to buy northern goods instead of buying English, French, Dutch or Spanish products. The North was for Tariffs! Why? Tax the Belgians so Heineken is more expensive & people will buy Sam Adams!
The Southern Position The South bought most of their goods from Britain and didn’t want to see the price rise. Also they feared that Britain would start taxing southern agricultural products coming into Britain The South was against Tariffs! Why? Don’t want Britain taxing my cotton!
THE SLAVERY ISSUE • Which side opposed allowing slavery? • Which side though states should be allowed to decide if they would have slaves? • What was the dilemma the anti-slavery Framers faced? Read page 124 – “Why was there a conflict about slavery?
Southern vs. Northern Perspective The Southern Framers wanted slaves counted as part of their population. WHY? The Anti-Slave Framers didn’t want slaves counted as part of population. WHY?
So to recap… The North wanted Congress to have power to impose tariffs and control trade The South wanted the Constitution to allow them to continue to practice slavery and to have slaves counted as part of their population
COMPROMISE Congress given power to impose Tariffs and regulate trade between states. Slavery could not be abolished until 1808 Slaves counted as three-fifths of population Fugitive slaves caught in north to be returned to the south
The Three-Fifths Clause Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3 Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States . . . according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons.
This compromise was the only way slave states (North Carolina, South Carolina, & Georgia) would support and ratify the Constitution.
Think • Allowing the slave states to count slaves as their full population would have made it less likely slavery would ever be abolished. • 4 Million slaves in 1860 . . . With full representation, the South would control the House of Representatives and Abraham Lincoln would probably not have been elected President • Three fifths clause provided an incentive to free slaves in the South (full representation)
