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Electricity

Electricity. Thinking back…. All matter is made up of ______________. The two types of sub-atomic particles that have a charge are _______________ and ______________. Protons - _____ charge Electrons - _____ charge. atoms. protons. protons. electrons. +. electrons. -.

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Electricity

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  1. Electricity

  2. Thinking back… • All matter is made up of ______________. • The two types of sub-atomic particles that have a charge are _______________ and ______________. • Protons - _____ charge • Electrons - _____ charge atoms protons protons electrons + electrons -

  3. Electricity comes from the movement or placement of these charged particles.

  4. Think about a magnet… • What happens when you try to touch the two north ends together? • They repel each other • What happens when you try to touch the two south ends together? • They repel each other • What happens when you try to touch the north and south ends together? • They attract each other

  5. The same applies to ELECTRIC CHARGES • Charges that are the same, repel each other. • Charges that are different, attract each other. Two Protons Two Electrons Proton & Electron

  6. What’s going to happen? + + - - + -

  7. The charges of protons and electrons cause the object they make up to be positively or negatively charged. + + - - - + + - - + - - + + + - + + + + - - + - + + + - - + - +

  8. Most objects normally have no overall charge. • This is because each atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.

  9. How can we tell if an object has a charge? • Watch how it reacts with other objects. • Use an Electroscope. • Tomorrow, we will build an electroscope and test various objects.

  10. Sometimes, the attraction between protons and electrons can cause an electron to move from one atom to another.

  11. So an object can become charged by gaining or losing electrons. • When an object loses electrons, it will have a _____________ charge. • When an object gains electrons, it will have a _____________ charge. - + + - - - positive + + - + - + - + negative - + - -

  12. Charge It! • See how many balloons you can stick to one member of your group in 2 minutes. • The balloons must be stuck to the student for them to count.

  13. That’s Static Electricity! • The build-up of electric charges • Static means “not moving” or “not changing” • In static electricity, charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously.

  14. How can an object become charged? • Three ways to move electrons from one object to another: • Friction - rubbing • Conduction - touch • Induction – movement of electrons within an object

  15. Static Discharge Often, a static discharge produces a spark. • When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the same charge. • Static discharge is the loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.

  16. Lightning is another example of static discharge.

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