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The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union 1777-1787 The Critical Period. Structure of Government. Articles created a unicameral legislature Each state had one vote in Congress regardless of it’s size or population States selected 2-7 delegates for purposes of representation
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The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union 1777-1787 The Critical Period
Structure of Government • Articles created a unicameral legislature • Each state had one vote in Congress regardless of it’s size or population • States selected 2-7 delegates for purposes of representation • Powers of this Congress included: make war and peace, regulate a postal system, weights and measurements, enter into treaties, appoint military officers, send and receive ambassadors, raise and equip a navy and create an army with financial support coming from the states, regulate Indian affairs, decide disputes among the states
Accomplishments • Ended the war with the British negotiating the Treaty of Paris 1783 • Created a plan for the development of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains -Land Ordinance 1785: a plan for the surveying of lands and the division of western lands -Northwest Ordinance 1787: established the principle that territories could be developed for statehood on an equal basis with the other established states.
NATIONAL GOVT. SLOWLY WENT BROKE
WORTHLESS CURRENCY
STATES TAXED EACH OTHER
CONFLICTS OVER TRADE
COULD RAISE AN ARMY-BUT STATES HAD TO SUPPORT WITH $$$
INDIAN PROBLEMS IN THE FRONTIER
PIRATES- NO PROTECTION FOR OUR MERCHANTS
SPANISH CONTROL OF NEW ORLEANS
BRITISH REFUSAL TO LEAVE NW OURS, NOT THEIRS!
NO CHIEF EXECUTIVE TO ENFORCE LAWS
NO NATIONAL JUDICIARY
BOTTOM LINE • NO POWER OVER STATES • ARTICLES COULD NOT PROTECT CITIZENS’ PROPERTY RIGHTS
SHAY'S REBELLION 1786
FORMER WAR HERO NOW LEADS A REBELLION!
“… there are important defects in the system of the Government… the defects, upon a closer examination, may be found greater and more numerous, than even these acts imply, from the embarrassments which characterize the present State of our national affairs, foreign and domestic…”J. Madison, 9/1786