HEROES WHO STUMBLE HEROES WHO SOAR WHAT DID I DO TO DESERVE THIS?

1. HEROES WHO STUMBLE HEROES WHO SOAR WHAT DID I DO TO DESERVE THIS?

2. Uniworld River Victoria with Tom O’Brien & Rabbi Howard ShapiroSeptember 26th to October 8thSailing from St. Petersburg to Moscow

3. Interfaith Russian River Cruise www.uniworld.com/Destinations/Russia/Imperial_Waterways_of_Russia/2013 Additional Info: 1-800-243-3066

5. Uglich

6. River Victoria Lounge

7. River Victoria Restaurant

8. River Victoria Library

9. Category 1 with Balcony

10. Category 2 with Balcony

11. Category 4 & 5 with Picture Window

12. ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS • Some “administrative” matters • Dialogue from 9:00 to 9:50 • Break from 9:50 to 10:00 • Dialogue from 10:00 to 10:30 • Questions and answers from 10:30 to 10:45

13. How To Access the Slides 1. Go to www.fau.edu on a web browser. 2. Click on the words "Lifelong Learning." This takes you to a new page. 3. In this new page, click on "LLS Jupiter Home." 4. In this new page, place the cursor on the word "CLASSES." A dropdown menu should appear. 5. In this dropdown menu, click on "Our Winter Instructors." 6. Click on the picture of Tom O'Brien or Howard Shapiro. You will be taken to their instructor page. 7. In this new page, scroll down to see the list of links under "News and Notes." Click on the words "Click here" to download the PowerPoint slides. OR Enter the following into your browser: http://wise.fau.edu/divdept/lifelong/LLSJupiter/winter13_ instructor_obrien_shapiro.php

14. Plan for Today • Bible Stories of Undeserved Outcomes • Miriam, the Sister of Moses (Numbers 12) • The Daughter of Jephthah (Judges 11) • Saul Loses His Kingship (1 Sam. 13 and 15) • The Plight of the Exiles (Lamentations) • Questions and Answers

15. Moses, Aaron and Miriam • Moses, Aaron and Miriam are siblings • Miriam is the sister who suggested to Pharaoh’s daughter that she could find a wet-nurse for Moses • In Ex. 15.20, she is described as “the prophet Miriam, Aaron’s sister” who took a tambourine and celebrated the escape from Pharaoh’s army • The scene we encounter is towards the end of the time in the Wilderness • Jesus’ (Yeshua’s) mother’s name was “Miriam”

16. Numbers 12Aaron and Miriam Speak Against Moses While they were at Hazeroth, Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married (for he had indeed married a Cushite woman); and they said, ‘Has the Lord spoken only through Moses? Has he not spoken through us also?’ And the Lord heard it. Now the man Moses was very humble, more so than anyone else on the face of the earth. Suddenly the Lord said to Moses, Aaron, and Miriam, ‘Come out, you three, to the tent of meeting.’ So the three of them came out. Then the Lord came down in a

17. The LORD Praises Moses pillar of cloud, and stood at the entrance of the tent, and called Aaron and Miriam; and they both came forward. And he said, ‘Hear my words:When there are prophets among you, I the LORD make myself known to them in visions; I speak to them in dreams. Not so with my servant Moses; he is entrusted with all my house. With him I speak face to face—clearly, not in riddles; and he beholds the form of the Lord. Why then were you not afraid to speak against my servant Moses?’  And the anger of the Lord was kindled against them,

18. The LORD Punishes Only Miriam   and he departed. When the cloud went away from over the tent, Miriam had become leprous, as white as snow. And Aaron turned towards Miriam and saw that she was leprous. Then Aaron said to Moses, ‘Oh, my lord, do not punish us for a sin that we have so foolishly committed. Do not let her be like one stillborn, whose flesh is half consumed when it comes out of its mother’s womb.’ And Moses cried to the Lord, ‘O God, please heal her.’ But the Lord said to Moses, ‘If her father had but spat in her face, would

19. Miriam Goes Through the Isolation Prescribed in Leviticus 13 and Numbers 5 she not bear her shame for seven days? Let her be shut out of the camp for seven days, and after that she may be brought in again.’ So Miriam was shut out of the camp for seven days; and the people did not set out on the march until Miriam had been brought in again. After that the people set out from Hazeroth, and camped in the wilderness of Paran.

20. The “Deuteronomist” • Name means “Second Law” (Law Restated) • Author of the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel and 1 & 2 Kings • Books are written as “didactic history” • Main thesis: The Exile occurred because Israel didn’t remain faithful to God • Primary idea: Do good, get good; do bad, get bad

21. The Time of the “Judges” • If David reigned around 1000 BCE, the Time of the Judges is after Joshua dies (c. 1200 BCE) and before Saul became king (c. 1020 BCE) • The Book of Judges recounts numerous stories of the Israelites coming on hard times because of idol worship, repenting, calling a “Judge” and having life improve, and then backsliding into idol worship • “Judges” didn’t “decide” cases; they “made things right” (~ “justified” type, or a just/righteous man)

22. Jephthah’s Vow Then the spirit of the Lord came upon Jephthah, and Jephthah made a vow to the Lord, and said, ‘If you will give the Ammonites into my hand, then whoever comes out of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return victorious from the Ammonites, shall be the Lord’s, to be offered up by me as a burnt-offering.’ So Jephthah crossed over to the Ammonites to fight against them; and the Lord gave them into his hand. He inflicted a massive defeat on them. So the Ammonites were subdued before the people of Israel.

23. Jephthah Comes Home Then Jephthah came to his home at Mizpah; and there was his daughter coming out to meet him with timbrels and with dancing. She was his only child; he had no son or daughter except her. When he saw her, he tore his clothes, and said, ‘Alas, my daughter! You have brought me very low; you have become the cause of great trouble to me. For I have opened my mouth to the Lord, and I cannot take back my vow.’ She said to him, ‘My father, if you have opened your mouth to the Lord, do to me

24. The Daughter Asks For Two Months according to what has gone out of your mouth, now that the Lord has given you vengeance against your enemies, the Ammonites.’ And she said to her father, ‘Let this thing be done for me: Grant me two months, so that I may go and wander on the mountains, and bewail my virginity, my companions and I.’ ‘Go,’ he said and sent her away for two months. So she departed, she and her companions, and bewailed her virginity on the

25. The Daughter Returns and Is Killed mountains. At the end of two months, she returned to her father, who did with her according to the vow he had made. She had never slept with a man. So there arose an Israelite custom that for four days every year the daughters of Israel would go out to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite.

26. Samuel • The Book of Judges ends with the words: “In those days, there was no king of Israel; all the people did what was right in their own eyes.” • Samuel is a “model figure” in the TaNaKh. He is the last of the judges, a great prophet and king maker. He is conceived by the previously-barren Hannah who is very devout. (The LORD “remembered” her.) • He is a Nazirite as promised by Hannah. She gives him to the LORD to be with Eli the Priest at Shiloh. • He is a judge, but the Philistines gain control of the Israelites. His sons are bad; the people want a king.

27. Saul • First King of United Kingdom of Israel (c.1020 BCE) • From the smallest tribe, Benjamin (south) • Described as very tall (1 Sam. 10.23) • Anointed by Samuel, but Saul hides in the baggage • Book of Samuel is ambivalent about having a king • Defeats the enemies of Israel (at least for a time) • Kingdom possible b/c Egypt & Mesopotamia weak • Suffers from paranoia and migraines • Loses God’s favor in two stories (different sources)

28. Saul Fights the Philistines (1 Sam. 13 ) The Philistines mustered to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and troops like the sand on the seashore in multitude…. When the Israelites saw that they were in distress (for the troops were hard pressed), the people hid themselves in caves and in holes and in rocks and in tombs and in cisterns. Some Hebrews crossed the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul was still at Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling. He waited for seven days, the time appointed by Samuel; but Samuel did not come to

29. Saul Makes Offerings Gilgal, and the people began to slip away from Saul. So Saul said, ‘Bring the burnt-offering here to me, and the offerings of well-being.’ And he offered the burnt-offering. As soon as he had finished offering the burnt-offering, Samuel arrived; and Saul went out to meet him and salute him. Samuel said, ‘What have you done?’ Saul replied, ‘When I saw that the people were slipping away from me, and that you did not come within the days appointed, and that the Philistines were mustering at Michmash, I said, “Now the Philistines will

30. Samuel Says Saul Has Lost God’s Favor come down upon me at Gilgal, and I have not entreated the favor of the Lord”; so I forced myself, and offered the burnt-offering.’   Samuel said to Saul, ‘You have done foolishly; you have not kept the commandment of the Lord your God, which he commanded you. The Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever, but now your kingdom will not continue; the Lord has sought out a man after his own heart; and the Lord has appointed him to be ruler over his people, because you have not kept what the Lord commanded you.’ 

31. Saul and the Amalekites (1 Sam. 15) Samuel said to Saul, ‘The Lord sent me to anoint you king over his people Israel; now therefore listen to the words of the Lord. Thus says the Lord of hosts, “I will punish the Amalekites for what they did in opposing the Israelites when they came up out of Egypt. Now go and attack Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have; do not spare them, but kill both man and woman, child and infant, ox and sheep, camel and donkey.” ’ Saul defeated the Amalekites, and he took King Agag

32. Saul Decides Not To Kill Everything of the Amalekites alive, but utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword. Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the sheep and of the cattle and of the fatlings, and the lambs, and all that was valuable, and would not utterly destroy them; all that was despised and worthless they utterly destroyed. The word of the Lord came to Samuel: ‘I regret that I made Saul king, for he has turned back from following me, and has not carried out my commands.’ 

33. Samuel Scolds Saul Samuel was angry; and he cried out to the Lord all night. Samuel rose early in the morning to meet Saul, and Samuel was told, ‘Saul went to Carmel, where he set up a monument for himself, and on returning he passed on down to Gilgal.’ When Samuel came to Saul, Saul said to him, ‘May you be blessed by the Lord; I have carried out the command of the Lord.’ But Samuel said, ‘What then is this bleating of sheep in my ears, and the lowing of cattle that I hear?’ Saul said, ‘They have brought them from the Amalekites; for the people spared the

34. Samuel Relays God’s Message best of the sheep and the cattle, to sacrifice to the Lord your God; but the rest we have utterly destroyed.’ Then Samuel said to Saul, ‘Stop! I will tell you what the Lord said to me last night.’ He replied, ‘Speak.’ Samuel said, ‘Though you are little in your own eyes, are you not the head of the tribes of Israel? The LORD  anointed you king over Israel. And the Lord sent you on a mission, and said, “Go, utterly destroy the sinners, the Amalekites, and fight against them until they are consumed.” Why then did you not obey the voice of the Lord? Why did you swoop down on the spoil, and do what was evil in the sight of the Lord?’ Saul said to

35. No “Good Deed” Goes Unpunished Samuel, ‘I have obeyed the voice of the Lord, I have gone on the mission on which the Lord sent me, I have brought Agag the king of Amalek, and I have utterly destroyed the Amalekites.  But from the spoil the people took sheep and cattle, the best of the things devoted to destruction, to sacrifice to the Lord your God in Gilgal.’ And Samuel said, ‘Has the Lord as great delight in burnt-offerings and sacrifices, as in obedience to the voice of the Lord? Surely, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed than the fat of rams. For rebellion is no less a sin than divination,  and stubbornness is like iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the

36. Saul Begs Forgiveness To No Avail word of the Lord, he has also rejected you from being king.’ Saul said to Samuel, ‘I have sinned; for I have transgressed the commandment of the Lord and your words, because I feared the people and obeyed their voice. Now therefore, I pray, pardon my sin, and return with me, so that I may worship the Lord.’ Samuel said to Saul, ‘I will not return with you; for you have rejected the word of the Lord, and the Lord has rejected you from being king over Israel.’ As Samuel turned to go away, Saul caught hold of the hem of his robe, and it tore.

37. The Babylonian Exile • In 722 BCE, Assyrians conquered N. 10 Tribes (Israel) • In 612 BCE, the Babylonians defeated the Assyrians • Josiah (640-609 BCE) held the Babylonians at bay • Successors were weak, and Babylonia laid siege to Jerusalem in 597 and 586. Destroyed Jerusalem. • Nebuchadnezzar deported the ruling class (priests, scribes, educated persons) and skilled artisans • Captivity from 586 to 539; Persians defeat Babylon • “Lamentations” are liturgical poems; NOT written by Jeremiah (contrary to “tradition”)

38. Lamentations – The Exile How lonely sits the city   that once was full of people!How like a widow she has become,   she that was great among the nations!She that was a princess among the provinces   has become a vassal. She weeps bitterly in the night,   with tears on her cheeks;among all her lovers   she has no one to comfort her;all her friends have dealt treacherously with her,   they have become her enemies. 

39. The Lament Continues Judah has gone into exile with suffering   and hard servitude;she lives now among the nations,   and finds no resting-place;her pursuers have all overtaken her   in the midst of her distress. The roads to Zion mourn,   for no one comes to the festivals;all her gates are desolate,   her priests groan;her young girls grieve,   and her lot is bitter. 

40. The “Cause” of the Suffering? Jerusalem remembers,   in the days of her affliction and wandering,all the precious things   that were hers in days of old.When her people fell into the hand of the foe,   and there was no one to help her,the foe looked on mocking   over her downfall. Jerusalem sinned grievously,   so she has become a mockery;all who honored her despise her,   for they have seen her nakedness;she herself groans,   and turns her face away. 

41. The Punishment is from the LORD The Lord has rejected   all my warriors in the midst of me;he proclaimed a time against me   to crush my young men;the Lord has trodden as in a wine press   the virgin daughter Judah. For these things I weep;   my eyes flow with tears;for a comforter is far from me,   one to revive my courage;my children are desolate,   for the enemy has prevailed. 

42. The LORD is Like an Enemy The Lord is in the right,   for I have rebelled against his word;but hear, all you peoples,   and behold my suffering;my young women and young men   have gone into captivity.  The Lord has become like an enemy;   he has destroyed Israel.He has destroyed all its palaces,   laid in ruins its strongholds,and multiplied in daughter Judah   mourning and lamentation. 

43. How To Access the Slides 1. Go to www.fau.edu on a web browser. 2. Click on the words "Lifelong Learning." This takes you to a new page. 3. In this new page, click on "LLS Jupiter Home." 4. In this new page, place the cursor on the word "CLASSES." A dropdown menu should appear. 5. In this dropdown menu, click on "Our Winter Instructors." 6. Click on the picture of Tom O'Brien or Howard Shapiro. You will be taken to their instructor page. 7. In this new page, scroll down to see the list of links under "News and Notes." Click on the words "Click here" to download the PowerPoint slides. OR Enter the following into your browser: http://wise.fau.edu/divdept/lifelong/LLSJupiter/winter13_ instructor_obrien_shapiro.php

44. Interfaith Russian River Cruise www.uniworld.com/Destinations/Russia/Imperial_Waterways_of_Russia/2013 Additional Info: 1-800-243-3066