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Volcano: Creator or Destroyer?

Volcano: Creator or Destroyer?. Lesson Plan/EDSE 401 Emily Marshall. Review. Review theories and terms: Plate Tectonic Theory Relevant Plate Boundaries Divergent vs. Convergent Subduction Zone Show movie clips Show videos of explosive and extrusive flows

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Volcano: Creator or Destroyer?

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  1. Volcano: Creator or Destroyer? Lesson Plan/EDSE 401 Emily Marshall

  2. Review • Review theories and terms: • Plate Tectonic Theory • Relevant Plate Boundaries • Divergent vs. Convergent • Subduction Zone • Show movie clips • Show videos of explosive and extrusive flows • Does a volcano create or destroy?

  3. Discussion • What does a volcanic eruption look like? • What do we do when/if we were to experience one? • Is it dramatic? Does it explode and destroy homes and hillsides or take lives? Can a person survive a volcanic eruption? • Where do they happen? Only in far away exotic locations like Hawaii and the Philippines? Can they be anywhere?

  4. Overview • Ring of Fire handout • Plate tectonics • Pacific Plate • Subduction Zones • Viscosity • Types of Volcanoes • Shield • Hawaii, India • Effusive • Cone shaped • Philippines, Japan, El Salvador • Explosive/pyroclastic flow • Hot Spot • Hawaii

  5. Ring of Fire - Pacific Plate

  6. Ring of Fire • Most volcanic activity takes place along the boundaries of the Pacific Plate • Most of these volcanoes are created in a subduction zone. This is an area where one plate is dragged underneath the other and a chain of volcanoes forms along the coastline.

  7. Subduction Zones

  8. Types of Volcanoes • There are two kinds of volcanoes: • Shield volcanoes • Cone shaped volcanoes • Draw me a picture! • They are named for the way they are shaped. • The way they are shaped is dependent upon the way the lava that makes them flows. • The way lava flows depends upon it’s VISCOSITY. • Viscous = sticky/resistant to flow

  9. Viscosity Tell me some fluids that are more and less viscous.

  10. Shape vs. Viscosity • How VISCOUS the lava is also determines how the volcano behaves when the lava comes out. • There are two ways lava can flow: • Explosive (explosions!) – highly viscous • Effusive (blurbling pancake batter type flow) – less viscous • This gets us back to shape…let’s take a look at some examples:

  11. Hawaii – Mauna Loa Shield Volcano

  12. Hawaii - Effusive Flow

  13. Types of Lava • A’a • Rough, jagged surface • Higher viscosity • Pahoehoe • Smooth, ropy surface • Lower viscosity

  14. El Salvador – Izalco Cone volcano

  15. Philippines – Explosive Pyroclastic Flow

  16. Pyroclastic Material • Pyroclasts (hot fragments) and tephra (ash)

  17. Cone Volcano

  18. Pompeii/Mt. Vesuvius

  19. Hawaii – Volcanic Island Chain

  20. Hot Spot

  21. Shield Volcano

  22. Independent Practice • Make your own diagram for one of the two kinds of volcanoes (shield or cone) that also tells where this type of volcano might be found in the world and whether or not it would more likely be found near a subduction zone or a hot spot. • Then we’re going to share them!

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