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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Properties of Acids. Produce H + (hydrogen) ions in water Taste sour Corrode metals React with bases to form a salt and water pH is less than 7 Turns blue litmus paper to red “Blue to Red A-CID”. Examples of Common Acids. Acetic acid (vinegar)

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Properties of Acids • Produce H+ (hydrogen) ions in water • Taste sour • Corrode metals • React with bases to form a salt and water • pH is less than 7 • Turns blue litmus paper to red “Blue to Red A-CID”

  3. Examples of Common Acids Acetic acid (vinegar) Ascorbic acid (lemon juice) Why the symbol for soda? Hydrochloric acid (stomach acid)

  4. Properties of Bases • Produce OH- ions in water (hydroxyl ions) • Taste bitter, chalky • Are electrolytes • Feel soapy, slippery • pH greater than 7 • Turns red litmus paper to blue “Basic Blue”

  5. Properties of Bases • Many household products contain bases • Strong bases can be dangerous

  6. Properties of Bases • Bases can help to ease the effects of too much stomach acid • They are conveniently called ANTACIDS

  7. Examples of Common Bases • Bleach • Laundry detergent • Shampoo • Soaps, toothpaste • Tums, Alka-Seltzer (antacids)

  8. Water - an acid or base? Water is neither acidic or basic – it is the only substance that is naturally neutral. pH = 7 (neutral)

  9. Litmus Paper • A base will turn litmus blue • An acid will turn litmus red

  10. Acid-Base Reactions A reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization

  11. The pH scale is a way of expressing the strength of acids and bases. pH 1-6 = acidpH 7 = neutralpH 8-14 = base

  12. pH Scale • A pH lower than 7 is acidic • A pH higher than 7 is basic (alkaline) • If the pH is 7, the solution is neutral

  13. pH indicators Indicators are dyes that can be added that will change color in the presence of an acid or base.

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