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Heraldry-Coats of Arms in Coinage

Heraldry-Coats of Arms in Coinage. By Xavier Pique. Introduction. What is Heraldry- Background Where and when did Heraldry arise? Blazoning- Design The Coat of Arms Coats of arms in coinage 1200-Present.

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Heraldry-Coats of Arms in Coinage

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  1. Heraldry-Coats of Arms in Coinage By Xavier Pique

  2. Introduction • What is Heraldry- Background • Where and when did Heraldry arise? • Blazoning- Design The Coat of Arms • Coats of arms in coinage 1200-Present

  3. Heraldry- A system for controlling the markings applied to armory and shields • Provide easy, unique identification • Useful in battle • Assigned to Noble (King, Duke, Count)

  4. From the ninth to the early eleventh centuries • (AD 800-1000), Western Europe suffered invasions • Magyars from the east, • Muslims from the south, and • Vikings from the north • Unrest ultimately spurred greater unity in England, Germany and Europe • Lots of Warfare- Crusades (Starting 1095)

  5. Heraldry arose, almost spontaneously throughout Europe • In a short space of time between 1130-1160 • Coinciding with the development of more sophisticated armor

  6. Landowners hired Knights to defend territory or make war in exchange for estates • Heraldic markings adopted when the face became invisible behind closed helmets • Many “Titled” landowner types existed: • Kingdom, County, Barony, Principality, Duchy, Bishopric, Imperial Free City, Papal State, Territory, Commonwealth, Crown Colony, Palatinate, Landgrave, Margrave • Each entity had a coat of Arms- Many issued Coinage

  7. 12 CENTURY SETTING • No Electricity • No Running Water • Black Plague (1340) • No Firearms (1420) • No Printed Books (1436) • Battles Waged on • foot or on horse • Swords • Bow and Arrow • Spears Hedingham Castle- England Built 1140 AD

  8. ORIGINS OF HERALDRY- THE BAYEUX TAPESTRY 1066 Chronicles the Norman conquest of England by William the Conqueror in 1066. No Formal Coat of Arms

  9. Origins of Heraldry The Enamel Plaque of Geoffroy Plantagenêt • Compte d'Anjou and du Maine (1113-51) and father of Henry II, king of England • Markings on Shield • Not Formal Coat of Arms

  10. Tomar, Portugal –Convento de Cristo Tomb of Knight Templar circa 1160

  11. Codex Manesse Late 13th Century- Knights in Joust

  12. The Full Coat of Arms- Elements Charge

  13. Blazoning- Designing and Describing a Shield Per Fess Or and Sable, a Lion Rampant Gules

  14. History in Coat of Arms- Spain Castile Leon Aragon Navarre Granada Bourbon SupportersPillars& Motto Royal Crown

  15. Partitions and Colors of Shield

  16. Heralds- Officials in charge of controlling Coats of Arms- Royal College of Arms- England- Est. 1484 by King Richard III

  17. The Earliest Coin displaying Coat of Arms France- Louis IX The Saint 1226-1270 Gold (Ecu D’Or) 1260’s- Rare Source: Barrie Cook, Numis. Curator, British Museum http://gallica.bnf.fr/anthologie/page.asp?T2-2-8-MMA.htm

  18. Earliest Coins displaying Coats of Arms: 1250-1300 Sicily- Federico II 1296-1337- Son of Peter III Coat of Arms of House of Aragon (Peter III “The Great”)- Ruled Sicily (1276-1285)

  19. T-17 Austria, Frederick the Handsome, 1308-1330, AR Pfennig Arms of Austria

  20. Schönvorst-Sichem 1391 Turnose groschen Argent, Nine Roundels Gules Arms of Reinier van Schoonvorst II - Belgium

  21. King Juan II of Castile, 1406-1454 AD, Dobla de la Banda, Seville Mint

  22. Aachen (Germany) Turnose-groschen 1411

  23. Jean sans Peur (John the Fearless- Duke of Burgundy) (1404-1419)

  24. Bingen 1437 Goldgulden Bingen am Rhein- Tower and City Arms

  25. Bacharach 1443 Groschen The arms of the Palatinate (Province of HRE)

  26. Mainz Trier Cologne GERMANY, Palatinate, Philipp, 1449-1508, dated Goldgulden 1493. The arms of the Palatinate, Mayence (Mainz), Trier and Cologne in a border

  27. Shield and Full Arms of Saxony Saxony 1469- Homgroschen

  28. Prince electors of the Holy Roman Empire- 13th Century Archbishop of Cologne, Archbishop of Mainz, Archbishop of Trier, Count Palatine, Duke of Saxony, Margrave of Brandenburg and King of Bohemia)

  29. Duchy of Brabant 1476 (Belgium) Double Briquet

  30. Prince Bishopric of Liege ( Belgium) 1478 Double Patard- Fleur de Lis with Bend

  31. Brabant 1488 Double Patard Belgium.

  32. Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (1467-77)

  33. Guldiner- Sigismund Archduke of Austria/Tyrol (Shields of his domains) 1486

  34. Holy Roman Empire (minted at Dordrecht, Holland Gold Real (Grand Real d'Or) 1487

  35. Pomerania, Garz (Poland on the Baltic Sea) Schilling 1489 Argent, a griffin rampant or

  36. Wesel , Germany (Julich-Cleve-Berg) 1490  Groschen Coats of Arms- Duchy of Cleves; 1600 Map detail- Julich www.medievalcoinage.com

  37. SPAIN Castille & Leon Ferdinand & Isabella Sponsors of Christopher Columbus

  38. Henry Vlll Groat (1509-47) England Order of the Garter

  39. ALTDEUTSCHLAND Augsburg Germany. Batzen 1522. Town arms- Swiss Pine Cone and column Pillar

  40. Edward VI of England (1547-53) House of Tudor Fine Silver- Shilling

  41. Phillip II Cob 4 Reales 1556-1598 Granada Mint

  42. 1599    France   1/4 Ecu    Henry IV       28 mm   silver   

  43. Shilling, third coinage 1603 James 1 (House of Stuart England 1603-25)

  44. Salsburg, Austria • Silver 1/6 Thaler – Archbishop Max Gandolph • von Kuenburg, 1668-1687 • Ecclesiastical state of the • Holy Roman Empire. St Rupert/Arms

  45. William and Mary England (1689-94)

  46. Spain -1714 PhilipV 8 Escudos Gold

  47. Spain- 1760 Charles III Pillar 8 Reales

  48. Switzerland-Bern, 1796, AR 1/2 Thaler

  49. 1816  Danish West Indies  (now US Virgin Islands )   X Skilling    Denmark Coat of Arms

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