8.1 – Classifying Inorganic Compounds

1. 8.1 – Classifying Inorganic Compounds Science 10 Mr. Francis

2. A warmup activity… • Using the information in tables 1 and 2 on page 203, classify each compound below as an acid, base, or salt based on its properties: • HCl: reacts with metals, turns litmus paper red • KBr: conducts electrical current, chemical indicators do not change color • NH3: turns methyl red indicator yellow • NaNO3: does not react with metals; conducts electric current; phenolphtalein indicator remains colorless • HNO3: turns indigo carmine from yellow to blue

3. 8.1 – the key concept • Compounds that have a high percentage of carbon by mass are classified as organic compounds, otherwise they are considered to be inorganic compounds

4. Classifying inorganic compounds • Inorganic compounds can be molecular or ionic based on the type of bonds that hold the components (elements) together • Inorganic ionic compounds can be classified as acids, bases, or salts depending on their properties

5. Classifying inorganic compounds • Inorganic compounds can be classified as either molecular (a few) or ionic (most)

6. Classifying inorganic compounds • Inorganic molecular compounds can be classified as either acids, bases, or salts • Salts are substances that release positive and negative ions other than H+ and OH- in solution • For example sodium chloride, NaCl • Acids are substances that release H+ ions in solution • Bases are substances that release OH- ions in solution

7. Classifying inorganic compounds

8. Classifying inorganic compounds • Acids have the following properties: • Sour taste • Conduct an electrical current • Causes chemical indicators to change colour • Reacts with some metals to produce hydrogen gas (H2)

9. Classifying inorganic compounds • Bases have the following properties: • Slippery feeling, bitter taste • Conducts an electric current • Causes chemical indicators to change colour • Does not react with acids to create hydrogen gas

10. Classifying inorganic compounds • Salts have the following properties • Salty taste • No effect on chemical indicators • Does not react with metals to make hydrogen gas

11. Classifying inorganic compounds • Some common indicators are • Methyl Red • Bromothymol Blue • Phenolphtalein

12. Classifying inorganic compounds • Acidity is the measure of the relative amounts of H+ and OH- in a solution and is often measured on a pH scale

13. Classifying inorganic compounds • Pure water is always neutral (pH 7 ) and has equal H+ and OH- ions • Acids have a greater number of H+ ions • The more H+ ions, the more acidic the solution • The more OH- ions, the more basic (or alkali) the solution • Adding salt does not change the pH because it doesn’t change the amount of H+ and OH - ions

14. Classifying inorganic compounds • The pH scale uses a logarithmic scale – each whole number is 10 times greater than the number before • pH 4 is 10 times more acidic than pH 5 • pH 3 is 100 times more acidic than pH 5 • Some common acids are hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and sulphuric acid (H2SO4)

15. Naming Acids…..

16. Complete the worksheets • Naming Acids • You have 10 minutes

17. Naming Salts • To name salts, you use your ionic naming rules • Salts always contain positive (metal) and negative (non-metal) ions

18. Assignment • pH worksheet from after the test • Naming acids worksheet • Lab – Acids, Bases, and salts • P. 209 Q 3,4,6,7,8,9,16