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M4/2/12; M4/4/11. LBJ’s Great Society ( Ch. 30.3; pp. 851-861 ) Q: How successful was LBJ in creating his Great Society?. I. Overview. New Deal Dem – FDR’s influence Sen . Maj. Leader – powerful “accidental president” Great Society & Vietnam. II. Initial Policies.
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M4/2/12; M4/4/11 LBJ’s Great Society (Ch. 30.3; pp. 851-861) Q: How successful was LBJ in creating his Great Society?
I. Overview • New Deal Dem – FDR’s influence • Sen. Maj. Leader – powerful • “accidental president” • Great Society & Vietnam
II. Initial Policies A. War on Poverty • VISTA • dom. peace corps • Job Corps • Head Start – pre-K educ. • public housing
II. Initial Policies (cont.) B. Civil Rights • dedicate issue to JFK • Southerner - TX • important leg. • Civil Rights Act of 1964 – fed enforcement • Voting Rights Act of 1965 – after Selma C. Tax Reduction • liberalism? • $$$ for policies?
III. 1964 Election A. Candidates • - Barry Goldwater – Rep (AZ) • - LBJ – Dem. (TX) - “moderate” • - George Wallace challenged Dem B. Issues • - civil rights • - nuclear weapons • - Vietnam • - gov’t role • - federal vs. state debate
III. 1964 Election (cont.) C. Results • “landslide Lyndon” • 61% - one of only 4 presidents to have 60+% • Congressional majority – • 2/3 Dem • similar to ND • “full Johnson” • massive leg. • modeled FDR’s 100 Days
IV. Great Society A. Medical • Medicare (elderly) • Medicaid (poor) B. Education • federal $$ to educ. • built off Sputnik’s role C. Civil Rights (more below) D. Arts & Humanities • NEA, • Public Broadcasting Act (1967) • CPB, PBS, NPR
IV. Great Society E. Immigration Reform • Immigration & Nationality Act of 1965 (Hart-Cellar Act) • Loosens restrictions • Latinos, Asians F. Environment & Pollution • Clean Water Act • Clean Air Act • eventual creation of EPA (under Nixon) G. New Cabinet Positions – • Transp. & HUD • Robert C. Weaver (1st African-Amer.) • 1966 HUD
IV. Great Society (cont.) • - Great Society • - requires lots of $$$ • - where is money? • Vietnam
V. Civil Rights A. Civil Rights Organizations • CORE – older • SCLC – religious leaders • SNCC – later, youth • NAACP – older, more m-c • different goals, esp. over time B. Civil Rights Act of 1964 • ends de jureseg. • federal enforcement • limited voting rights
V. Civil Rights (cont.) C. MS Freedom Summer Project - 1964 • register black voters • college students • biracial • white resistance • 3 c.r. workers disappear • “Mississippi Burning” • federal role - FBI
V. Civil Rights (cont.) D. Selma, AL – MLK – 1965 • continued abuses • police brutality • role of TV • white sympathy E. Voting Rights Act of 1965 • federal enforcement • S. black voting 1M →3.1M • S. black political voice
V. Civil Rights F. Riots & “Long Hot Summers”, 1965-68 • Watts (LA) – Aug. 1965 • Detroit, Newark, many cities • MLK ass’n – April 1968 • southern vs. northern black experience • resentment towards de facto seg & racism • urban blight • “white flight” • gov’t response – • KernerReport • white backlash • (more on 1968 election)
VI. Impact of Civil Rights A. Impact on other Minority Groups • “Balkanization” • gender/ethnic/racial identity • used similar methods • Native Americans – AIM • Latinos – Cesar Chavez/bilingual educ. • Asian Americans • Gays/Lesbians
VI. Impact of Civil Rights B. Women • Feminist movement • Betty Friedan – Feminine Mystique • NOW (National Organization for Women) • ERA Amendment • gender equity • birth control pill • sexual revolution
VII. Warren Court • liberal court • expansion of rights of criminals • Wainwright v. Gideon – public defender • Mappv. Ohio – obtaining of evidence • Miranda v. Arizona – “read your rights”