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FOREST FIRE IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY THE LANCON-DE-PROVENCE 2005 CASE

FOREST FIRE IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY THE LANCON-DE-PROVENCE 2005 CASE. S. Strada, C. Mari Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France J.B. Fillipi, F. Bosseur SPE, Università di Corsica, CNRS, Corte, France.

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FOREST FIRE IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY THE LANCON-DE-PROVENCE 2005 CASE

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  1. FOREST FIRE IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY THE LANCON-DE-PROVENCE 2005 CASE S. Strada, C. Mari Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France J.B. Fillipi, F. Bosseur SPE, Università di Corsica, CNRS, Corte, France 8th Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology – Kalispell,

  2. Forest Fire and Air Quality A brief introduction Forest Fires in mediterranean region More frequent ignition Widening of areas at risk Air pollution alerts Coupled Atmosphere-Wildfire Modeling Meso-NH & ForeFire To investigate fire dynamics and chemistry and atmospheric feedbacks A case study Lançon-de-Provence (France) 2005 A typical mediterranean wildfire in a complex topography

  3. Atmospheric model: Meso-NH Version 4_7_4 • Activated schemes: • Microphysics: ICE3 • Turbulence: 1D & 3D (200m)‏ • Advection: PPM • Surface: ISBA • Chemical scheme with 40 chemical species and 73 chemical reactions (Relacs)‏ • Configuration: • Two-way grid nesting: 25km, 5km, 1km, 200m • ECMWF reanalysis • 72 levels up to 23 km • dx = 40 m near the surface, dx = 600 m at the top

  4. Fire Spread Model: ForeFire • Model features • Analytical formulation of RoS • Front tracking algorithm • Coupled Atmosphere-Fire Modeling • Fire as subgrid scale process • One-way coupling through ISBA scheme • Radiative temperature, heating and water vapor fluxes as inputs for Meso-NH at each model timestep -> fraction of area burnt provided by Forefire -> gridded through the PGD program

  5. The Lançon-de-Provence case study Fire features Date: July 1, 2005 Time: 09:40 LT -> 17:40 LT On fire: 626 ha of scrublands (garrigue)‏ In danger: downwind inhabited areas and cultivated lands A typical meteorological situation: the Mistral Strong northwesterly wind favoured by a strong pressure gradient over Western Europe and a tunnel orographic effect

  6. Fire impact on atmospheric dynamics Fire vs. no fire simulation at dx=1 km Wind speed difference at the surface (m/s) Fire tracer @ 500 m

  7. Fire impact on ozone chemistry Emissions: Ei = EFi x x B x  Efi = Emission factors [g/kg] = Glocal burning efficiency B = Fuel load (kg/m2)  = burnt area (m2)‏ Forefire ! Fire vs. background concentrations at dx=1 km [NO2]fire - [NO2]background @ 500 m [O3]fire – [O3]background @ 500 m

  8. Conclusions Sensitivity of the dynamics and tracer transport to the coupling -> fire-induced surface winds -> fire emissions injection height particularly sensitive to fire heat fluxes: latent + sensible Effective fire impact several hundreds of kilometers downwind of the burnt area Well marked chemical plume with high concentrations of CO, NOx, VOCs and a contrasted ozone signature near and downwind of the fire

  9. Perspectives Work in progress on simulation with the coupled model at 200 m resolution (IDRIS - Vargas)‏ Comparison with ASQA database Refine emission factors for the mediterranean ecosystems (LA & SPE) – On-line implementation in ISBA‏ Test the EDKF scheme on the same case. Two-way coupling Meso-NH & Forefire (ANR IDEA)‏

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