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Lost in transition Substance abuse and risk of exclusion - from youth to adulthood in Norway. Nordic alchohol and drug researchers ’ assembly 2010, Reykjavik Torild Hammer, NOVA Christer Hyggen, Fafo. Research question.
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Lost in transitionSubstanceabuse and risk ofexclusion - from youth to adulthood in Norway Nordic alchohol and drug researchers’ assembly 2010, Reykjavik Torild Hammer, NOVA Christer Hyggen, Fafo
Research question • To whatextentdoesthe combination ofsubstanceabuse and mental health problems, as well as labour market exclusionofyouthexplaintheincreasing rates ofdisability and inactivityamongyoungNorwegians?
Background • Lowlevelsofunemployment in Norway, but: • 80 000 youthoutsideschool & labour market • 10 000 ondisabilitybenefits • Sharp increasesince 1990 • Psychiatricdisorders: anxiety & depression
Numberofpeoplereceivingdisabilitybenefits or rehabilitationmoney Source: NAV
Rate ofnew cases ofdisabilitybenefits by diagnosis. Men 25 – 29 years. per 100.000 Mental illness Neural system Accidents, poisoning, violence All other diagnoses Muscle and skeletaldisease Source: Brage & Thune 2008
Rate of cases ofdisabilitybenefits by diagnosis. Women25 – 29 years. per 100.000 Mental illness Neural system Accidents, poisoning, violence All other diagnoses Muscle and skeletaldisease Source: Brage & Thune 2008
Backgroundcontinued • Increase in alcoholconsumption • Increase in drug use
Alcoholconsumptionamong(19 to 20 years old). Pure liters alcohol. Source: Sirus
A newadulthood • Extendedyouth • Longer time in education • Postponemarriage and parenthood • Doesthenewadulthoodimply a continuationoflifestyle and patternsof drug and alcoholconsumptionintoadulthood?
The survey Sample: N =1997 Stratified by Occupation in 1985: - In education: 0.25 (N=801) - Employed:0.70 (N=800) - Unemployed: 1.0 (N=394) ) T1 1985 17 – 20 yr 85 % T2 1987 19 – 22 yr 80 % T3 1989 21 – 24 yr 73 % T4 1993 25 – 29 yr 73 % T5 2003 35 – 39 yr 70 % Official records 1985 - 2003: Social Assistance, Social security, Education, Employment, Marriage, Children etc.
Conclusions • No directeffectsofschooldropout and disability in adulthood • No directeffectsoftheuseof cannabis or alcoholconsumption • Mental health as strongpredictor