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U.S. National Security

U.S. National Security. The Clinton Era. The Dream of the 90s. “The End of History” (Fukyama 1989, 1992) “The dream of the 90’s” Two Trends: Decreased wars, smaller militaries Rise of humanitarian interventions Globalization. President William J. Clinton. Term: 1993-2001

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U.S. National Security

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  1. U.S. National Security The Clinton Era

  2. The Dream of the 90s • “The End of History” (Fukyama 1989, 1992) • “The dream of the 90’s” • Two Trends: • Decreased wars, smaller militaries • Rise of humanitarian interventions • Globalization

  3. President William J. Clinton • Term: 1993-2001 • Nickname: President Inter-Bush • Former Careers: • Political activist • Law professor • Attorney General of Arkansas • Governor of Arkansas • President (3rd youngest)

  4. Crises • 1993: Somalia • 1993-94: North Korea • 1994: Rwanda • 1994: Haiti • 1998: US Embassy Bombings - Kenya and Tanzania • 1999: Kosovo • 2000: Bombing of USS Cole • Iraq (ongoing) • Operation Southern Watch: US entered Iraqi airspace >150,000 times 1991-2001, hitting Iraqi air defenses every six months or so

  5. “Bystanders to Genocide” • Samantha Power • Journalist, activist • Adviser to the Obama administration • 2013: US Ambassador to the UN • Main point of the article? • Was not intervening in Rwanda a mistake?

  6. “Bystanders to Genocide” • “The two tracks of events in Rwanda – simultaneous war and genocide – confused policymakers who had scant prior understanding of the country. Atrocities are often carried out in places that are not commonly visited, where outside expertise is limited. When country-specific knowledge is lacking, foreign governments become all the more likely to employ faulty analogies and to ‘fight the last war.’”

  7. “Bystanders to Genocide” • “Because this is a story of nondecisions and bureaucratic business as usual, few Americans are haunted by the memory of what they did in response to genocide in Rwanda.” (106) • Clinton gave his remarks in Kigali in 1998, said “never again”… “But the incentive structures within the U.S. government have not changed. Officials will suffer no sanction if they do nothing to curb atrocities. The national interest remains narrowly constructed to exclude stopping genocide.” (106)

  8. “Bystanders to Genocide” • Anthony Lake, top official in the Clinton administration: “‘What’s so strange is that this didn’t become a “how did we screw this up?” issue until a couple of years later,’ he says. ‘The humanitarian-aid mission did not feel like a guilt mission.’” (107)

  9. Political Science Boggle • When I show the name of an article, you will have 1 minute to write down all of the concepts from class that the article illustrates. • At the end of 1 minute, members of your group will present 1 at a time. • The group member with the most unique answers wins the round. • Unique answers only count if at least one other group member acknowledges that the concept is correct.

  10. Bystanders to Genocide Samantha Power

  11. President Obama’s Address at the National Defense University May 2013

  12. Obama’s Way Michael Lewis

  13. White House Structure and Decision Making: Elaborating the Standard Model Walcott and Hult

  14. Policy Preferences and Bureaucratic Position: The Case of the American Hostage Rescue Mission Smith

  15. The Falling Man Tom Junod

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