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Segregation . Day 3. Quiz. What was the name of the young man from Chicago killed for “flirting” with a 21 year old woman? Who wrote a letter to the mayor of Montgomery requesting the end of segregated seating on Montgomery buses?
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Segregation Day 3
Quiz • What was the name of the young man from Chicago killed for “flirting” with a 21 year old woman? • Who wrote a letter to the mayor of Montgomery requesting the end of segregated seating on Montgomery buses? • Who was appointed the leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association? • What is a “boycott”? • MLK adopted many of his ideas from four (4) individuals in his “Soul Force” movement. Please name one (1) of these individuals.
Freedom Riders • Test Supreme Courts decision on bus segregation in the South • Met resistant in Alabama
Freedom Riders • Alabama officials promised protection • Violence continued • Exactly what freedom riders wanted • JFK forced to send in 400 U.S. Marshalls
Ole Miss • 1962 Air Force veteran James Meredith enrolls at Ole Miss • Gov. Ross Barnett refused to let him register • JFK sends in Federal Marshalls to escort him to class • Barnett • “I call on every Mississippian to keep his faith and courage. We will never surrender.”
Birmingham • Racial violence • Most segregated city in America • MLK and SCLC come to town • Good Friday April 12, 1963 – King leads march • Promptly arrested
Letter from Birmingham Jail • “I guess it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregations to say, ‘wait.’ But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at whim; when you have seen hate-filled policemen curse, kick, brutalize and eve kill your black brothers and sisters;…when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in the air-tight cage of poverty;…when you have to concoct an answer for a five-year-old son asking;..’Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean?’…then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait.”
May 2, 1963 • Over 1,000 African American children march • 959 arrested
May 3 • Second “children’s crusade” • Police Chief Bull Connor • Used hoses • Dogs • Clubs
MLK • Economic boycotts on the city • Negative media coverage • Segregation ended in the city of Birmingham • JFK • Nation wide response needed
Kennedy • June 1963 – desegregate University of Alabama • Speech • “Are we to say to the world – and more importantly to each other – that this is the land of the free, except for the Negroes?” • Congress then asked to pass Civil Rights Bill
Medgar Evers • WWII Vet • NAACP field secretary • Hours after JFK speech • Sniper shot and killed him in Jackson, MS • Byron de la Beckwith • Two trials • Hung Jury • Later convicted in 1994