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Ana Barros 1 Andrew Wood 2 Francisco Munoz 1 Julio-Cesar Rodriguez 4 Dennis Lettenmaier 2

Monitoring the Diurnal Cycle of Land-Atmosphere Interactions During NAME/SMEX04. Ana Barros 1 Andrew Wood 2 Francisco Munoz 1 Julio-Cesar Rodriguez 4 Dennis Lettenmaier 2 Stephen S. Burges 2 Ted Bohn 2 Mekonnen Gebremichael 1 Natalie Voisin 2 Christopher Watts 3. 1 Duke University

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Ana Barros 1 Andrew Wood 2 Francisco Munoz 1 Julio-Cesar Rodriguez 4 Dennis Lettenmaier 2

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  1. Monitoring the Diurnal Cycle of Land-Atmosphere Interactions During NAME/SMEX04 Ana Barros1 Andrew Wood2 Francisco Munoz1 Julio-Cesar Rodriguez4 Dennis Lettenmaier2 Stephen S. Burges2 Ted Bohn2 Mekonnen Gebremichael1 Natalie Voisin2 Christopher Watts3 1Duke University 2University of Washington 3University of Sonora 4IMADES

  2. Motivation Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture in Complex Terrain Leverage on NAME data collection Atmospheric Correction* Explain Spatial Variability of Observed Soil Moisture Understand Land-Atmosphere Interactions in Arid Regions

  3. Exploratory Diagnostic Simulations with MM5 (@ 3km resolution) June 5-7 2003

  4. Surface Latent Heat

  5. NW-SE

  6. Objectives • Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall • Landform and organization of convective activity • Vegetation and the role of evapotranspiration • Diurnal Cycle of Boundary Layer Winds • Relationship between organization of mountain-valley • circulations and the diurnal cycle of rainfall • Diurnal Cycle of Atmospheric Instability • Convective instability and the diurnal cycle of rainfall

  7. Vegetation Response to Rainfall

  8. Spatial Variability Of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall valley east slopes

  9. East- early afternoon NNW- early evening NCAR/ATD TAOS system SW- late afternoon East- early afternoon

  10. NAM diurnal cycle in the San Miguel Synoptic winds a) Daytime Local winds Return flow Surface Flow Moist anabatic upslope breeze Terrain induced asymmetry (Up) Valley wind Return Flow b) Evening/Nighttime (Downvalley) Mountain wind Lateral Katabatic drainage breeze Valley convergence Southward moving storms

  11. July 29, 2004 0 1 2 3 4 5 S E N W [m/s] Low-level (downvalley) mountain wind

  12. Mid-level Return Flow Anabatic Valley Winds

  13. Stable Growth of the Mixed layer residual layer mixed layer surface layer stable No Rain Conditions stable

  14. Spatial Variability Of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall valley east slopes

  15. Synoptic controls Local Surface controls

  16. NAM diurnal cycle in the San Miguel Synoptic winds a) Daytime Local winds Return flow Surface Flow Moist anabatic upslope breeze Terrain induced asymmetry (Up) Valley wind Return Flow b) Evening/Nighttime (Downvalley) Mountain wind Lateral Katabatic drainage breeze Valley convergence Southward moving storms

  17. Question: What is the Contribution of Evapotranspiration to Daytime Rainfall? S dry dry wet dry wet wet wet wet dry * wet *

  18. Discussion “Exploratory” Field Experiment Unique evidence of strong space-time structuring of rainfall and low-level circulationsin a semi-arid region of complex terrain Insolation Patterns (surface energy budget) Landform and topography Land-cover “Definitive” Field Experiment Raingauge Network Soundings (radiosondes, profilers, rainy conditions) Lightning High-maintenance Tower(s)

  19. Acknowledgments

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