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Polyatomic Ions Writing Formulas / Naming Compounds

Polyatomic Ions Writing Formulas / Naming Compounds. A polyatomic ion is a covalent molecule that has an ionic charge. (As opposed to being a neutral molecule.) Poly = many Atomic = atoms Ion = charged particle A charged particle that consists of more than one atom. Polyatomic Ions.

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Polyatomic Ions Writing Formulas / Naming Compounds

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  1. Polyatomic IonsWriting Formulas / Naming Compounds • A polyatomic ion is a covalent molecule that has an ionic charge. (As opposed to being a neutral molecule.) • Poly = many • Atomic = atoms • Ion = charged particle • A charged particle that consists of more than one atom.

  2. Polyatomic Ions Examples: Sulfate = SO4-2 Nitrate = NO3-1 Phosphate = PO4-3 Chlorate = ClO3-1 Carbonate CO3-2 • Notice the ending has changed to –ate.

  3. Writing Formulas Sodium Sulfate • Write the formula for the metal. Add the oxidation number from the periodic table. Na+1 • Write the formula for the polyatomic ion from the ion chart. Add its oxidation number. SO4-2

  4. Sodium SulfateNa +1 SO4-2 • Determine the common factor of the two oxidation numbers. In this case, 2. • Decide how many of each ion is needed to equal the common factor. In this case, 2 sodium ions and 1 sulfate ion. • Write these numbers as the subscript for each ion. Na2SO4

  5. Calcium Phosphate • Write the formula for the metal. Add the oxidation number from the periodic table. Ca+2 • Write the formula for the polyatomic ion from the ion chart. Add its oxidation number. PO4-3

  6. Calcium PhosphateCa +2 PO4-3 • Determine the common factor of the two oxidation numbers. In this case, 6. • Decide how many of each ion is needed to equal the common factor. In this case, 3 calcium ions and 2 phosphate ions. • Write these numbers as the subscript for each ion. Ca3(PO4)2 • Notice that the polyatomic ion must be placed in parenthesis or, instead of 2 phosphate ions, you would have 42 Oxygen atoms and 1 Phosphorus atom. Ca3PO42

  7. Naming Compoundsw/ Polyatomic Ions KClO3 • Write the name of the metal. Potassium • Write the name of the polyatomic ion from the ion chart. Chlorate • Name the compound. Potassium Chlorate

  8. Mg3(SO4)2 • Name the metal. Magnesium • Name the polyatomic ion from the ion chart. Sulfate • Name the compound. Magnesium Sulfate

  9. Some Additional Examples • Calcium Hydroxide Ca+2 OH-1 • The least common factor is 2. Therefore, 1 calcium ion will bond with 2 hydroxide ions to form a neutral compound. Ca(OH)2 • If you omitted the parenthesis, you would not have 2 hydroxide ions. Instead you would have 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. CaOH2

  10. Try these • Write names for the following compounds. • CaCO3 • Al2(SO4)3 • Ca(ClO3)2 • K3PO4 • Mg(OH)2 • Fe(ClO3) 3

  11. Answers • Calcium carbonate • Aluminum sulfate • Calcium chlorate • Potassium phosphate • Magnesium hydroxide • Iron (III) chlorate

  12. Now, these! • Write formulas for the following compounds. • Lithium sulfate • Calcium acetate • Aluminum nitrate • Magnesium phosphate • Sodium carbonate • Vanadium (V) hydroxide • Ammonium carbonate

  13. Answers • Li2SO4 • Ca(C2H3O2)2 • Al(NO3)3 • Mg3(PO4)2 • Na2CO3

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