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SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Unit 1: Sixth Grade. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. How sedimentary rocks form… . Wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity cause rocks to weather into sediments. These sediments are moved from one location to another by the process of erosion.

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SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

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  1. Unit 1: Sixth Grade SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

  2. How sedimentary rocks form… • Wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity cause rocks to weather into sediments. • These sediments are moved from one location to another by the process of erosion. • Erosion: The movement of the material from one place to another

  3. Formation of Sedimentary Rocks • The sediments are eventually deposited on to older layers and form new ones. • The sediments become compacted and dissolved minerals separate from water and form a natural cement—Lithification. • Sedimentary rocks are formed

  4. Strata and stratification • STRATA • Layers of rock • STRATIFICATION • process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers

  5. How are were the stripes formed? • Wind blew over thousands of years • Carried mineral/rock fragments, “sand” to ocean floors, lakes rivers • The sand mixes with quartz or calcite. • Pressure over time causes them to become rock

  6. How are the Stripes Formed? • But not all sand is the same! • Over millions of years, smaller grains separated from the larger grains and were layered on the bottome

  7. Petra • Why do you think there are so many colors in the stone? • Can you describe the pattern on this structure? • Does this structure support the idea that layers of sediments piled on top of each other and exposed to heat and pressure form sedimentary rock?

  8. Organic sedimentary rocks • Form from remains or fossils of once living things. • EXAMPLE: limestone, coal • COAL---- • Forms underground when partially decomposed plant material is buried beneath sediment and is changed into coal the pressure from layers above. • This process takes millions for years. • Non-renewable fossil fuel

  9. Clastic sedimentary rocks • Made from fragments (sediments) of rocks that are cemented together by minerals . • They are classified according to the size of the fragments. • EXAMPLES: conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale

  10. Loose sediments Clastic Sedimentary Rock

  11. Chemical sedimentary rocks • Form from solutions of dissolved minerals and water. • EXAMPLE: halite

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