La Tour Eiffel

1. La Tour Eiffel Christina Chahil 2A

2. History of the Eiffel Tower • Events • Attractions • Popularity • Economics • Gustave Eiffel • Proposition • Protesting and Controversy • Construction • Inauguration and Centennial Celebration

4. Gustave Eiffel Born in Côte-d'Or, France on December 15, 1832. He was an architect, but also a civil engineer. In 1884 Gustave bought the patent rights for the design of the Eiffel Tower from Nougier, Koechlinand Sauvestre.

5. Proposition • After buying the patent rights Gustave exhibited at the Exhibition of Decorative Arts. • He stated that the tower would be symbolizing "not only the art of the modern engineer, but also the century of Industry and Science in which we are living, and for which the way was prepared by the great scientific movement of the eighteenth century and by the Revolution of 1789, to which this monument will be built as an expression of France's gratitude."

6. Controversy • Much was said about proposed tower, both good and bad. • Many considered it to be impossible to be built. • Others disputed on artistic grounds. • Debates later furthered to the relationship between architecture and engineering.

7. Exposition The Eiffel tower was for the Paris World's Fair of 1889, honoring the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. The main structure was completed in March 1889. Gustave celebrated this on March 31 with government officials and press by taking them on a tour of the tower. It was opened for the Exposition on May 6th, but was opened to the public nine days later.

8. Some Special Events • September 10th, 1889 – Thomas Edison visited the tower, signing his name in the guestbook. • February 4th, 1912 – Franz Reichelt died after jumping off the Eiffel tower with his home-made parachute. • 1914 – A radio transmitter located in the tower jammed German radio communications during the 1st Battle of Marne.

9. Some Special Events • 1930 – The tower lost the title of the world's tallest structure when the Chrysler Building was completed in New York City. • New Year's Eve 1999 – The Eiffel Tower hosted Paris's Millennium Celebration. Flashing lights and high-poweredsearchlights were installed on the tower. Fireworks were also set off all around it. • November 28th, 2002 – The tower had its 200,000,000th guest.

10. Restaurants The tower is the host of two restaurants Le Jules Verne • Le Jules Verne has the multi-Michelin chef Alain Ducasse! Le 58 tour Eiffel • Le 58 tour Eiffel has earned one star in the Michelin Red Guide.

11. Popularity More than 200,000,000 people have visited the Eiffel Tower since it was first constructed in 1889. It is the most visited and paid tower in the world today.

12. Economics • It is speculated that the rebuilding tower would cost about $480,000,000. • The ground under the tower is worth about $350,000,000. • The Eiffel Tower is repainted every seven years which costs $5,300,000. • The yearly electric bill totals a towering $400,000! • Estimated annual gross of the tower is about $29,000,000.

14. Sources • Biography.com • Inventors.about.com • Wikipedia.com • Nps.gov • Bing.com • Google.com