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Development of Human Digestive System and Associated Organs

Explore the formation of the human digestive system from endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm, illustrated at various stages of embryonic development. The alimentary canal develops with four layers, including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Learn about the differentiation of associated organs, such as the liver and spleen. Discover the intricate development of the respiratory system and the important role of surfactant in lung maturation.

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Development of Human Digestive System and Associated Organs

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  1. Digestive System Alimentary Canal develops from endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm Formation of the human digestive system, depicted at about (A) 16 days, (B) 18 days, (C) 22 days, and (D) 28 days.

  2. Digestive System Alimentary Canal develops from endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm four layers of the digestive tract - the mucosa (1), the submucosa (2), the muscularis (3), the serosa (4). Peritoneum - visceral vs parietal Mesentery )

  3. Epi Ecto invaginates to meet endo to form Stomodeum & Proctodeum A septum separates the cloaca into anus (dorsal) and urogenital (ventral sagittal view of the 6-week embryo. The stomach region has begun to dilate, and the pancreas is represented by two buds that will eventually fuse.

  4. Alimentary Canal and Association Organs Differentiation of associated organs at the level of the forming stomach occurs both dorsally (spleen) and ventrally (liver).

  5. respiratory tract and aveolar epithelium are endoderm in origin with mesoderm contributing surrounding tissue the respiratory system does not carry out its physiological function (of gas exchange) until after birth. The lungs go through distinct phases of development and late in fetal development respiratory motions and amniotic fluid are thought to have a role in lung maturation. Development of this system is not completed until the last weeks of Fetal development, just before birth. Therefore premature babies have difficulties associated with insufficient surfactant (end month 6 alveolar cells type 2 appear and begin to secrete surfactant).

  6. In the head/neck region, the pharynx forms a major arched cavity within the phrayngeal arches. The upper row of illustrations are sections through the embryo at the plane indicated, showing the fates of the pharyngeal pouches. The first forms the external auditory passages, while the second pouch expands, eventually covering pouches 2, 3, and 4

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