The Twenties and the Crash of 1929

1. The Twenties and the Crash of 1929 • Social Change • New Woman • Harlem Renaissance • Reaction to Social Change • Klan • Fundamentalism • The Scopes Trial • The Crash of 1929 • Financial Panic • Causes of the Great Depression • Consequences of the Crash

2. New Woman > Magazine illustrations: “Gibson Girls” by Charles Gibson--a beauty standard of the 1900s--and a flapper by John Held, Jr. from the 1920s

3. New Woman > Working-class women at the turn of the century

4. New Woman > John Held, Jr.: Flappers have no manners or brains

5. New Woman > John Held, Jr.: “It’s all right, Santa-- you can come in. My parents still believe in you.”

6. New Woman > John Held, Jr., dustjackets for F. Scott Fitzgerald novels

7. New Woman > Film Actress Louise Brooks and a comic strip she inspired

8. New Woman > Actress Clara Bow, the ultimate flapper in It (1927) and Dangerous Curves (1929)

9. Harlem Renaissaince > The Crisis Cover, 1929

10. Harlem Renaissance > The Crisis Ad for Black Swan Records, 1923

11. Harlem Renaissance > NAACP Anti-Lynching Ad in the New York Times

12. Harlem Renaissance > Marcus Garvey’s Supporters Parade in Harlem

13. Harlem Renaissance > Leon “Bix” Beiderbecke, “Sorry,” 1928

14. Harlem Renaissance > Louis Armstrong, “Weather Bird,” 1928

15. Klan in the 1920s > Timeline of Klan History • founded during Reconstruction, collapsed in 1870s • revived in 1915 (in part because of the movie Birth of a Nation) • resurgence of popularity in the 1920s, but collapsed again by the 1930s • again reappears in the 1950s

16. Klan in the 1920s > Poster for the Film The Birth of a Nation by W.G. Griffith (1915)

17. Klan in the 1920s > Washington, D.C. Parade against immigration

18. Klan in the 1920s > Social Movements Supported by the Klan • prohibition • anti-immigrant sentiments • anti-radicalism • religious fundamentalism • morality and family values

19. Fundamentalism > Timeline • Word coined at around 1910 • Denotes religious groups that take the Bible literally • Popular and active in the 1920s • Then the movement retreats from politics until 1980s, in part because of the Scopes Trial

20. Fundamentalism > Church Membership in 1920s

21. Fundamentalism > Actor Lionel Barrymore and Modern Christ

22. Scopes Trial > Cartoon on Evolution

23. Scopes Trial > William Jennings Bryan’s Cartoon against Modernity, 1924

24. Scopes Trial > Cartoon comparing Bolsheviks and Scientists, 1925

25. Scopes Trial > Bryan and Darrow

26. Scopes Trial > Bryan as Don Quixote

27. Scopes Trial > Darrow as a Street Player

28. Scopes Trial > Monkeys Vote on Evolution

29. The Crash > Economy Compared to Television, 1929

30. The Crash > “It’s so nice to have Daddy home all the time now,” Life, 1930

31. The Crash > “We can do it!” 1931

32. The Crash > What Caused the Great Depression? • Financial panic • Stock market crash • Land speculation in Florida and Southern California • Bank failures • Mortgage foreclosures • Sales of new goods stagnated after 1926 • Unequal distribution of income reduced purchasing power • Depression in farming • Europe’s demand for US goods declines • Europe defaults on debt payment • Germany stops paying France and Britain • France and Britain stop paying US • Unavoidable economic cycles or could have been avoided if speculation was curbed and consumption encouraged?

33. The Crash > Deportation of Mexicans, 1931

34. The Crash > Jobs Listed by Race, 1939

35. The Crash > Hooverville, 1933

36. The Crash > Dust Bowl storm, 1930s

37. The Crash > Farmers displaced by Dust Bowl

38. The Crash > “Fundamentally, the ship was sound,” New Yorker, 1932

39. The Crash > Popcorn