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Social Bond Theory Self-Control Theory

Social Bond Theory Self-Control Theory. Travis Hirschi Michael Gottfredson. Social Bond Theory Travis Hirschi. Social Process Theories Social Control Theories Causes of Delinquency (1969) Social Bond Theory Attachment Commitment Involvement Belief. Social Bond Theory Travis Hirschi.

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Social Bond Theory Self-Control Theory

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  1. Social Bond TheorySelf-Control Theory Travis HirschiMichael Gottfredson

  2. Social Bond TheoryTravis Hirschi • Social Process Theories • Social Control Theories • Causes of Delinquency (1969) • Social Bond Theory • Attachment • Commitment • Involvement • Belief

  3. Social Bond TheoryTravis Hirschi • Attachment refers to a person’s sensitivity to and interest in others.

  4. Social Bond TheoryTravis Hirschi • Commitment involves the time, energy, and effort expended in conventional lines of action, such as getting an education and saving money for the future.

  5. Social Bond TheoryTravis Hirschi • Heavy involvement in conventional activities leaves little time for illegal behavior.

  6. Social Bond TheoryTravis Hirschi • People who live in the same social settings often share common moral beliefs; they may adhere to such values as sharing, sensitivity to rights of others, and admiration for the legal code.

  7. Testing Social Bond Theory • Hirschi’s Supporting Research • Youths who were strongly attached to their parents were less likely to commit criminal acts. • Commitment to conventional values, such as striving to get a good education and refusing to drink alcohol and “cruise around,” was indicative of conventional behavior. • Youths involved in conventional activity, such as homework, were less likely to engage in criminal behavior. • Youths involved in unconventional behavior, such as smoking and drinking, were more delinquency prone. • Youths who maintained weak and distant relationships with people tended toward delinquency. • Those who shunned unconventional acts were attached to their peers. • Delinquents and nondelinquents shared similar beliefs about society.

  8. Testing Social Bond Theory • Opposing Views • Friendship • Not all elements of the bond are equal • Deviant peers and parents • Restricted in scope • Changing bonds • Crime and social bonds

  9. Self-Control TheoryTravis Hirschi & Michael Gottfredson • Latent Trait Theories • General Theory of Crime (GTC) • A General Theory of Crime (1990) • Self-Control Theory

  10. Self-Control TheoryTravis Hirschi & Michael Gottfredson • Differences of Social Bond Theory & Self-control Theory • A General Theory of Crime (1990) • Integration of: • Biosocial • Psychological • Routine activities • Rational Choice Theories

  11. Self-Control TheoryTravis Hirschi & Michael Gottfredson • In GTC Gottfredson and Hirschi consider the criminal offender and the criminal act as separate concepts

  12. Self-Control TheoryTravis Hirschi & Michael Gottfredson • Criticisms • Tautological • Different classes of criminals • Ecological / Individual differences • Racial and gender differences • Moral beliefs • Peer influence • People change • Modest relationship • Cross-cultural differences • Misreads Human nature

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