Beothuk Peoples of Newfoundland

1. Beothuk Peoples of Newfoundland Brittny, Kayla and Zara

2. Kayla, Brittny, and Zara Introduction The Beothuk people lived in Newfoundland around the time when the Europeans first came to Canada, between the 15th and 16th centuries. At the time when the European people came, it was estimated that there were between 1,000 to 2,000 Beothuks at the time. Over the years the Beothuk’s number became less and less from the lack resources, and diseases that the Europeans brought to their land, which they had no cure for. The last recorded Beothuk was a women named Shanawdithit, she died in the year 1829, ending the line of Beothuk people.

3. Close to were the Beothuk people had settlements: Habitat • Until the Europeans came, they had summer costal villages • There were a lot of marine animals in the Arctic ocean that the Beothuk’s would rely on for food • Not a lot of mammals for them to eat. • Beothuk peoples were the inhabitants of Newfoundland • They lived in independent, self-sufficient groups, made up of extended family, usually 30 – 55 members • Beothuk people mainly Lived in Notre Dame and Bonavista Bay areas. By: Kayla

4. Habitat (continued) • Had a wide range of natural Resources • Newfoundland's harsh climate and poor soil made it hard to grow fruits and vegetables • Had a lot of edible roots, plants and fruits • Very cold through out the year • Lots of forest • They sometimes lived near the Exploits river What there living conditions looked like.

5. What a Beothuk’s home would look like: Homes • homes :They lived near coastal areas in small buildings called mamateeks , which looked like a wigwam . They were single-family dwellings and had hollowed out sleeping areas which was very special to the Beothuk . The Maritime Archaic might be who the Beothuk descended from . They spoke thieir own language which no one understood . By: Zara

6. Dailey lives of Beothuk people: Subsistence • The Beothuk people used the natural resources the land had to offer, such as -fish -edible plants -animals -animal furs, etc. • They would keep track of the animals migration patterns, so they would know what time of the year to hunt them • They would use every part of the animals they hunted (they wouldn’t waste) • They learned how to preserve foods, for when food was scarce • Made a government to keep order, and keep peace By: Kayla

7. What a Beothuk women would look like: Clothing and Looks • Long straight hair • Lighter skin color then other native people • some had a strand of hair with at the back of their head decorated with feathers • -generally beardless • clothing made from animal skins • men and women wore a coat or cloak made from several caribou skins • thrown over the shoulders, wrapped around the body and held in place by a belt • some garments had a collar made from marten, otter or beaver skins • women's coats had a hood to carry her baby in • Some men wore special head covers By: Brittny

8. Some tools and weapons they used: Tools and Weapons • They used stone to create sharp tools • Tools used mainly for fishing • Nails used to make things like arrowheads, lance points, and hide scrapers • Lost fish hooks, broken pieces of knives, saws, and files were turned into awls and other objects • in early 1600's they had wooden shields to protect them from enemy missiles. • for hunting seals they used a a special sealing harpoon, called a duth. • it was like a bow and arrow but it had a string line attached to it, and had a 3.7m shaft. By: Brittny

9. Social Organization and Kinship • The Beothuk people were organized in different bands • Bands had 35 – 55 people and usually 7 – 10 families • The leader of a band would usually be a highly skilled hunter, who was known for their wisdom • Leader could be either a man or a woman Painting of what a typical Beothuk man would look like: By: Kayla

10. Leadership and Government • When Europeans arrived, the Beothuk religion quickly ended, therefore there isn’t much information on the Beothuk’s culture • In 1810 the governor of Newfoundland wanted to make an attempt to have friendly contact with the Beothuk people • Captain David Buchan was sent to make friendly relations with the Beothuk people • The friendly terms ended quickly when the Beothuk people killed two English men and took off By: Brittny

11. Leadership and Government (continued) • The Beothuk people had to earn their respect from their people, rather then inherit it • The leaders of their bands were highly skilled hunters who were known for their wisdom • The Leader could be either a man or a women • Men and women had equal rights What the leaders could look like:

12. Religious or Spiritual Customs religious & spiritual customs :The Beothuk believed many spirits of their ancestors and nature. They also prayed to the spirits, so they spread red ochre over their skin. They worshipped the sun and the moon. It was believed that animals and plants were alive as well and had a spirit and should be treated with respect. They honoured animal spirits. By: Zara

13. Beothuk necklace: Cultural Artifacts • cultural artifacts :They were hunter-gathers . They lived off lots of different kinds of foods , so they used lots of weapons to kill animals . They used toggling harpoons , bow & arrow , and spears . Red ochre was very important to them . The colour red was for tribal identity . Beothuk bone carvings: By: Zara

14. THE END!!! (= Thank you for watching our presentation!

15. Resources http://answers.yourdictionary.com/answers/history/where-did-beothuk-reside.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beothuk_people http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Shanawdithit_portrait.jpg http://www.heritage.nf.ca/aboriginal/beo_hunting.html http://www.heritage.nf.ca/aboriginal/beothuk.html http://www.heritage.nf.ca/aboriginal/beo_clothing.html http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.nf.ca%2Faboriginal%2Fbeo_culture.html&h 506911Ybhej4Lvs9HLsUgJo4Dcw http://www.heritage.nf.ca/aboriginal/beo_hunting.html http://www.crossroadsforcultures.ca/beothuks/index.php?narId=44&language=en http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vcanada2.com%2Fsection_1%2F1.1fivenationsand eothuk.htm&h=50691IkHMr5KoMVpZZn9VTCN0qA http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2009/08/14/beothuk-dna-814.html http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigorrin.org%2F&h=8e5f0 http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twillingatenews.ca%2Ftwillingate-history%2Fthe beothuk-indians-newfoundlands-red-ochre-people&h=8e5f068ZuGQ2___YYNGx3wIdpuA : http://www.mun.ca/rels/native/beothuk/beo_religion.html http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fpartner.galileo.org%2Fschools%2Fcody%2Fhum10%2Fri errun%2Fstudentweb2%2Frituals_b.htm&h=8e5f0SfEMhLPmzKXB_VUkyxHdzA