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電子・陽電子宇宙線と CTA

電子・陽電子宇宙線と CTA. 井岡　邦仁 　(KEK). 共同研究者： 川中宣太 (KEK). PAMELA. Positron excess above the predicted secondary. ⇒ Primary sources - Dark matter? - Astrophysical? ⇒ Many papers >400. Positron Excess. Solar modulation. Expected Secondary. Jul 06 - Feb 08 151672 e-, 9430 e+.

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電子・陽電子宇宙線と CTA

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  1. 電子・陽電子宇宙線とCTA 井岡　邦仁　(KEK) 共同研究者：川中宣太 (KEK)

  2. PAMELA Positron excess above the predicted secondary ⇒ Primary sources - Dark matter? - Astrophysical? ⇒ Many papers >400 Positron Excess Solar modulation Expected Secondary Jul 06 - Feb 08 151672 e-, 9430 e+ Adriani+ 08

  3. Cosmic-Ray Electron An Excess also in (e++e-) Spectrum ATIC/PPB-BETS Peak+Cutoff ~600GeV DM? Fermi Smooth E-3 No peak Aug 08 – Jan 09 4M e- Abdo+ 09

  4. HESS 有効面積大 5×104 m2 @1TeV ~8.5×107 m2 sr s (2004-2007) ◉Consistent with Fermi ◉No ATIC peak (but not rule out) ◉Steep at >1TeV Primary sources Aharonian+ 09

  5. CTA 視野・台数増 ⇒ 有効面積大 ⇒ より高エネルギー 注: シミュレーションでproton backgroundの評価 ⇒ E~15%不定性 ⇒ w/ LHCf ?

  6. Energetics r(proton) ~1eV/cm3 ~超新星残骸 r(electron) ~10-2eV/cm3 r(positron) ~10-3eV/cm3 ~ 0.1% of p 起源が不明 ガンマ線、電波 e-2.7 0903.1987

  7. e± cooling We are here Our galaxy e± lose energy (cool) via inverse Compton and synchroton Positron source d<~1kpc

  8. Dark Matter? Annihilation Decay e DM e DM DM c e Q ~ n2 Ecut ~ mDM <sv>~3x10-24cm3/s >3x10-26cm3/s boost factor ~100 Q ~ n Ecut ~ mDM/2 tdecay~1026sec (>H-1) 郡さんのトーク

  9. Astrophysical Origin? Heinz & Sunyaev 02 Pulsar SNR mQSO KI 08 GRB Shen & Berkey 68; Pohl & Esposito 98; Kobayashi+ 04; Shaviv+ 09; Hu+ 09; Fujita+KI 09; Blasi 09; Blasi & Serpico 09; Mertsch & Sarkar 09; Biermann+ 09 Shen 70; Aharonian+ 95; Atoyan et al. 95; Chi+ 96; Zhang & Cheng 01; Grimani 07; Yuksel+ 08; Buesching+ 08; Hooper+ 08; Profumo 08; Malyshev+ 09; Grasso+ 09 Kawanaka, KI & Nojiri 09; Cosmic-ray Nuclei energy 10-3 x 1050erg/SN ~ (1sec pulsar)/SN ~ 1050erg/103SN Propagation Delahaye+ 08; Cowsik & Burch 09 Proton Comtami. Fazely+ 09; Schubnell 09

  10. Simple model Power-law Spectrum Burst-like injection B Whatever emax is!

  11. e± Propagation Diffusion Injection Energy loss by IC & synchro. ← B/C ratio For a single burst with Power law spectrum Atoyan+ 95, Shen 70

  12. Positron We can fit the PAMELA data well d=1kpc (a) 0.9d50 erg 2d5 yr a=2.5 (b) Harder 0.8d50 erg 5.6d5 yr a=1.8 (c) Older 3d50 erg 3d6 yr a=1.8 KI 08

  13. Electron ATIC/PPB-BETS & Fermi/HESS d=1kpc (a) 0.9d50 erg 2d5 yr a=2.5 (b) Harder 0.8d50 erg 5.6d5 yr a=1.8 (c) Older 3d50 erg 3d6 yr a=1.8 KI 08

  14. DM-like Sharp Cutoff Due to cooling ATIC peak HESS cutoff Independent of initial emax KI 08

  15. Continuous injection Case 1:pulsar-type decay Case 2:exponential decay

  16. Injection History Cutoff width Decut CTA Dt~105yr e-t decay Cutoff width Dt~105yr t-2 decay Dt~104yr t-2 decay Kawanaka+ 09

  17. Nearby Young Sources CTA 現在見えているとは 限らない。t<104-5yr Kobayashi+ 04

  18. Discreteness @>TeV tcool~105yr @TeV tSN~105yr @<kpc 分散 CTA Kawanaka+ 09

  19. Single v.s. Multiple A single source ⇒ A relatively large anisotropy Challenging DM clump Fermi~6×106 erg sr s CTA~109 erg sr s KI 08; Mao & Shen 72

  20. Hadronicv.s. Leptonic Fujita, Kohri, Yamazaki, KI 09 Blasi+ 09 SNR model: pp →p→ e+,e- (w/ ISM/DC) Inevitably ⇒ anti-proton excess above ~100 GeV ⇒ AMS-02 Anti-proton fraction

  21. Moon Shadow e-, e+, g, anti-p Moon shadow の位置が異なる ⇒ 分離可能 CTA: 150GeV~3TeV detection<5hr 月の散乱光が background Colin+ 09

  22. 2nd Nuclei for Hadronic Hadronic models ⇒ Secondary Nuclei Excesses Boron-to-carbon ratio Titanium-to-iron ratio Z=22 Z=5 Mertsch and Sarkar 09

  23. Heavy Nuclei Z~7-40 with DZ/Z~5% for 10~1000TeV Fe balloon/space shower CTA PHYS-WP-heavy nuclei

  24. TeV Gamma-Ray Sky Source # ~100 1-10TeV e ⇒ IC ⇒ ~TeV g 観測から 電子ソース E>1048erg ~0.5 Crab @2kpc

  25. Confinement Time 閉じ込め~105yr N∝R2∝F-1 点源（カロリメトリック） ⇔ 柴田さん：diffuse Fmin(電子ソース) ＠20kpc

  26. Confinement Time N∝R2∝F-1 閉じ込め~10４yr ~PSR J1826-1334 Diffusion coefficient などにもよる 閉じ込め中 エネルギーが 大きい場合

  27. Summary 電子・陽電子宇宙線の起源 Astrophysical? Dark Matter? 直接観測は今後進展 有効面積： CTA >> AMS-02, CALET ⇒ >TeV: Discreteness, Injection History 非等方性: Single or Multiple 　　pbar, Heavy: Hadronic or Leptonic TeV電子ソース ⇒ TeVガンマ線ソース 閉じ込め時間は短い? or DM? サーベイ、広がったソース

  28. PHYS-WP (CTA-Japan) • ◉ まずは、論文を書くとき • CTAについて議論◉ CTA-Japanは後発 • ◉ 長期的には組織的に • 力を合わせたほうがいい • ◉ アイデアが必要 • 論文を全員に回覧 • CTA-Japan Paperを • 重要なものに関しては書く • Task A, Bの日本版 • - …

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